Aims, Hypotheses & Pilot Studies (AQA GCSE Sociology)

Aims and hypotheses

• Sociologists carry out research in order to collect evidence to contribute to our understanding of modern society

• Research findings provide important information for policy makers, government and local authorities

• Once a sociologist has carried out a literature review, they will ask questions that have not been addressed yet

• During this research process, they try to answer these questions in the form of research aims or hypotheses

• Researchers use a variety of sources to formulate their research questions, aims, and hypotheses, such as:

  • one of their earlier studies in which they found something unexpected or intriguing

  • their review of existing literature on a specific topic

  • new technological advancements, like social media

  • their own personal interests and experiences

  • significant and current social issues, such as the cost of living or the current political climate

Pilot studies

• A pilot study is a small-scale trial study carried out before the main research

  • It usually involves a very small sample of participants

• It allows the researcher to check whether the main study will generate relevant data that can help answer the research questions and aims

• During a pilot study, the researcher can test the chosen research methods and ensure that they are appropriate and cost-effective

• A pilot study helps identify and address potential problems such as:

  • ambiguous or confusing phrasing of questions

  • repetitive questions

  • the questionnaire takes too long to complete

• A pilot study is an important part of the research process as it may save time, money and effort in the long run