A student investigates if lamps are brighter in a series circuit or a parallel circuit. He sets up two different circuits, A and B.
State which circuit will have the brightest lamps and explain why.
In your answer, include the variables that the student will need to control in this experiment.
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A student builds two electrical circuits. Each circuit uses identical cells and identical fixed resistors.
Explain why circuit A has a lower total resistance than circuit B.
Another student investigates the resistance of a filament lamp.
i) Explain why the resistance of a filament lamp increases when current increases.
[2]
ii) Design a circuit diagram which could be used to investigate how the resistance of a filament lamp changes with current.
Use the circuit symbols below. Each symbol can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
[2]
iii) Describe how the student would use the circuit you have drawn in 19(b)(ii) to investigate how the resistance of a filament lamp changes with current.
[3]
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Higher Tier Only
Energy is transferred at high voltages in the national grid.
This house is near to a transmission line.
Explain why radio waves may be produced by the transmission line.
Explain why it is more efficient to transfer energy at high voltages.
The transmission line has a power loss of 6.156 kW.
Its resistance is 15.39 Ω.
Calculate the current in the transmission line.
Current = ................................ A
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A student takes voltage and current measurements for four resistors (A, B, C and D).
The table shows the results from this experiment.
Resistor | Voltage (V) | Current (A) | Resistance (Ω) |
A | 12.0 | 2.0 |
|
B | 6.0 | 1.5 |
|
C | 7.5 | 1.5 |
|
D | 8.0 | 2.0 |
|
Which two resistors have the same resistance value?
Use the results to show this.
Calculate the maximum resistance that can be made using all four resistors.
Answer = ......................... Ω
i) Draw a circuit diagram that could be used to find out how the resistance of a filament bulb changes with current.
Describe the readings you need to take.
[4]
ii) Sketch the shape of the graph from (c)(i) using the axes below.
State how this graph can be used to calculate resistance at any specific value of current.
[2]
A voltmeter is used to measure the output voltages produced from the circuit.
The voltmeter is not connected to a circuit and not recording a voltage.
Name the type of error on the voltmeter and suggest how it should be dealt with.
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2 marksThe diagram Fig. 1.1 shows a circuit constructed by a student.
Fig. 1.1
Determine the reading on ammeters A2 and A3.
2 marksThe diagram Fig. 1.2 shows another circuit built by the student.
Fig. 1.2
Determine the reading on the ammeter and the voltmeter.
Use an equation from the data sheet to help you.
3 marksThe diagram Fig. 1.3 shows another circuit built by the student.
Fig. 1.3
Determine the resistance of resistor Z.
Use an equation from the data sheet to help you.
1 markExplain why the total resistance of the circuit shown in Fig. 1.3 would decrease if another resistor was added in parallel.
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