Specific Heat Capacity (Edexcel GCSE Physics)

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Specific Heat Capacity

  • The amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of a given mass by a given amount can be calculated using the equation:

Change in thermal energy  = Mass × Specific heat capacity  × Change in temperature

ΔQ = mcΔθ

  • Where:
    • ΔQ = change in thermal energy, in joules (J)
    • m = mass, in kilograms (kg)
    • c = specific heat capacity, in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius (J/kg °C)
    • Δθ = change in temperature, in degrees Celsius (°C)

Worked example

Water of mass 0.48 kg undergoes an increase in temperature of 0.7 °C. Calculate the amount of energy transferred to the water during this temperature rise.

The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / kg °C.

Step 1: Write down the known quantities

    • Mass, m = 0.48 kg
    • Change in temperature, Δθ = 0.7 °C
    • Specific heat capacity, c = 4200 J / kg °C

Step 2: Write down the relevant equation 

ΔQ = mcΔθ

Step 3: Calculate the energy transferred by substituting in the values

ΔQ = (0.48) × (4200) × (0.7) = 1411.2

Step 4: Round the answer to 2 significant figures

ΔQ = 1400 J

Examiner Tip

This equation will be given on your equation sheet, so don't worry if you cannot remember it, but it is important that you understand how to use it. You will always be given the specific heat capacity of a substance, so you do not need to memorise any values.

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Ashika

Author: Ashika

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Ashika graduated with a first-class Physics degree from Manchester University and, having worked as a software engineer, focused on Physics education, creating engaging content to help students across all levels. Now an experienced GCSE and A Level Physics and Maths tutor, Ashika helps to grow and improve our Physics resources.