Optics (AQA GCSE Physics)

A convex lens is used to create an image of a nearby object. The lens and object are placed as shown in Figure 1 below.

Figure 1

Complete Figure 1 to show how and where the image is formed.

An eye has a convex lens to form an image that is processed by the brain.

Describe how the image formed by an eye is different from the image formed in a mirror.

Describe what is meant by the focal length of a lens and what two factors determine this length.

Figure 1 below shows light of various colours hitting an object.

Figure 1

Some of the light is reflected, some is absorbed and some is transmitted.

Describe how the appearance of the object would change when viewed from

(i) above

(ii) below

(You should assume that there are no other sources of illumination.)

Colour filters are often used on cameras. Figure 2 below shows a blue colour filter used with red, blue and green monochromatic light incident upon it.

Figure 2

Draw the light ray that is transmitted through this filter.

State what happens to the other light rays when they are incident upon the filter. Explain why.

Figure 1 shows a magnifying glass used to magnify the Save My Exams logo.

Figure 1

State what type of lens is used in a magnifying glass and why this image can only be seen by the observer of the magnifying glass

The image height is 60 mm when viewed through the magnifying glass of magnification 3.

Calculate the object height before it was magnified. Give the unit. 

Figure 1 shows light entering and passing through a lens.

Figure 1

State whether the lens is concave or convex. Give a reason for your answer.

The lens in Figure 1 is now replaced with one that is more curved.

State and explain what happens to point X for this new lens.

The same lens in Figure 1 is used to create an image of an object that is brought close to the lens, as shown in Figure 2. F marks the principal focus on the lens.

Figure 2

Complete the ray diagram in Figure 2 to show how and where the image is formed. 

State three features of the image drawn in Figure 2.

Lenses can be used to help people see clearly.

Figure 1 is a diagram of a convex lens.

 Figure 1

A student models the lens using two glass prisms and a glass block.

Complete the ray diagram Figure 2 to show how light rays travel through the model lens (glass prism and glass block).

Figure 2

A student looks at coloured paper in different monochromatic light.

Figure 3 is a diagram of her experiment.

He looks at red paper with red light. The paper appears red.

State the colour that the red paper appears to be in green light.

Explain your answer.

A student investigates reflection and refraction of light rays.

The student sends a ray of red light into a glass prism.

Figure 1 shows the light ray as it leaves the glass prism.

Figure 1

On Figure 1 complete the ray of light as it travels towards and through the glass prism.

Figure 2 shows two perpendicular mirrors.

A light ray hits one of the mirrors at 45°.

Figure 2

On Figure 2, complete the path of the light ray reflecting from both mirrors.

White light is made of different colours.

White light passes through a transparent filter X.

Filter X absorbs green, red, indigo and violet light.

The light then passes through another transparent filter Y, as shown in Figure 3. 

Figure 3

The light that leaves filter Y is blue.

State the colours that are transmitted by filter X and the colours that are absorbed by filter Y.

An optician uses orange and indigo light to test vision.

Figure 4 is a ray diagram showing orange light passing through a lens.

Figure 4

In Figure 5, indigo light passes through the same lens as in Figure 4.

Figure 5

Complete the ray diagram in Figure 5 for indigo light. The focal point for orange light f_orange is shown.

Explain your answer.

Figure 1 shows a ray of light striking a plane mirror at point A.

Complete the light ray diagram with a normal and a reflected ray at A.

State the value of the angle of incidence for the ray of light at point A.   

Figure 2 shows an object AL positioned 50cm from a convex lens. Both principal focuses of the lens are labelled f.

Two rays from point L of the object are incident on the lens.

On Figure 2, continue the paths of these two rays to show where the image of AL is formed by the lens. Represent this image with an arrow from the principal axis.

Higher Only

A wave, in air, is incident on still water. Figure 3 shows the wavefronts at the air-water boundary. The arrow shows the direction of transfer of energy.

The wave undergoes reflection and refraction at the air-water boundary.

On Figure 3 draw the wavefronts of the reflected and refracted waves.