Basic Information Processing Model (AQA GCSE Physical Education (PE))
Revision Note
Written by: Naomi Holyoak
Reviewed by: Lára Marie McIvor
Basic Information Processing Model
During the progress of a sporting event, a performer will need to make many decisions, such as:
Which skill to employ
When to use a particular skill
How to carry out the chosen skill, e.g. pace, direction, power
Any decision made by a performer will be based on the specifics of their situation
The decision-making described here is known as information processing; it involves gathering information about a situation, and then making an appropriate decision
The basic information processing model involves:
Input
Decision-making
Output
Feedback
Basic information processing model diagram
The basic model of information processing has four parts; input, decision-making, output and feedback
Basic information processing model table
Description | Example | |
|---|---|---|
Input | A performer takes in information from their surroundings using their senses More experienced performers will be able to select the most relevant information; this is selective attention | In cricket, a performer might be aware of the path of the ball and the location of other players on the field |
Decision-making | A performer uses information from long and short term memory to select an appropriate response Long term memory will be used for recall of learned skills and similar situations from the past Short term memory will be used to recall the details of the current situation at the moment | A cricketer may recall a similar situation from a previous match or from training, as well as the current path of the ball; this information will determine the type of catch chosen |
Output | Information is sent to a performer's muscles, telling them to contract to bring about a particular action | Muscles in the cricketer's arms and legs contract to allow them to move into position and catch the ball |
Feedback | Information about the success, or otherwise, of the output is gathered; this may be the performer's own opinion, known as intrinsic feedback, or feedback given by others, known as extrinsic feedback This information goes into long term memory and may be drawn upon in the next round of decision making | The cricketer catches the ball and the spectators cheer, indicating successful decision making |
Examiner Tips and Tricks
You could be asked to draw out the basic information processing model and/or apply this model to a real-life situation, as in the cricketing example given above. Make sure that you are confident enough in your knowledge of the model to be able to do this
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