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True or False?
The Pope is the head of the Catholic Church.
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True or False?
The Pope is the head of the Catholic Church.
True.
The Pope is the Head of the Catholic Church. The monarch is the Head of the Church in a Protestant country.
What is the main difference between a Catholic and Protestant Bible?
The main difference between a Catholic and a Protestant Bible is the language it is written in. A Catholic Bible is written in Latin, whereas a Protestant Bible is written in the language of the country e.g. English.
Define the term Mass in Christianity.
The term Mass in Christianity refers to a religious ceremony. In some Christian Churches, worshippers eat bread and drink wine.
What did Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses contain?
Martin Luther's Nine-Five Theses contained his complaints about the Catholic Church's practices, such as indulgences.
Define the term clergy.
The term Clergy refers to religious leaders whose job is to serve the needs of their religious members. This includes archbishops, bishops and priests.
What was the main difference between a Catholic church and a Protestant church?
The main difference between a Catholic church and a Protestant church was the decoration. A Catholic church was decorated with candles, icons and imagery. A Protestant church was plain with no icons.
In 1558, the majority of Elizabeth's clergy was .
In 1558, the majority of Elizabeth's clergy was Catholic.
Why was the presence of Catholics in Elizabeth's government in 1558 a problem for Elizabeth?
The presence of Catholics in Elizabeth's government was a problem because they would fight against converting England to Protestantism.
Define the term famine.
The term famine refers to when a proportion of the population are suffering severe and prolonged hunger. Often leading to malnutrition and death.
What role did the Church have in ordinary people's lives in Elizabethan England?
The Church played a very important role in the lives of ordinary people. Ordinary people went to Church every Sunday and had their christenings, weddings and funerals in a church.
True or False?
Everyone in England became Protestant when Elizabeth changed the religion of England in 1559.
False.
Some people did not become Protestant when Elizabeth changed the religion in England in 1559. Some people decided to risk their safety by continuing to practice Catholicism.
How did the Church reinforce the monarch's power in England?
The Church reinforced the monarch's power in England by enforcing new laws and by giving their congregation political messages created by the monarch.
Define the term congregation.
A congregation is a group of people who have come together in a religious building for worship.
True or False?
Church courts were abolished under Elizabeth I.
False.
Church courts were not abolished by Elizabeth I. Church courts continued to have a lot of power and made decisions on moral matters, such as marriage, slander and sexual offences.
The Church during the Elizabethan period was significant. It enforced the new laws, increased their legitimacy and passed on political messages.
The Church during the Elizabethan period was significant. It enforced the monarch's new laws, increased their legitimacy and passed on political messages.
In what year did Elizabeth create the Religious Settlement?
Elizabeth created the Religious Settlement in 1559.
What was the Act of Supremacy?
The Act of Supremacy reiterated the monarch's authority over the Church of England.
Elizabeth gave herself the title of when she became the Head of the Church of England.
Elizabeth gave herself the title of Supreme Governor when she became the Head of the Church of England.
What was the role of the Ecclesiastical High Commission in the Act of Supremacy?
The role of the Ecclesiastical High Commission was to ensure that churches were following Elizabeth's Religious Settlement.
How many of Mary's Catholic bishops agreed to take the oath, accepting Elizabeth's authority as Supreme Governor?
Only one of Mary's Catholic Bishops agreed to take the oath accepting Elizabeth's authority as Supreme Governor.
What was the Act of Uniformity?
The Act of Uniformity ensured that all churches looked the same and delivered equivalent church services.
Define the term recusant.
A recusant is someone, usually of the Catholic faith, who refused to go to Church of England services in the 16th century.
True or False?
Many Catholics supported the Act of Uniformity.
True.
Many Catholics supported the Act of Uniformity because churches were allowed to have decorations, priests could wear special vestments and the wording of the prayer book was deliberately unclear allowing people to interpret it in their own way.
How much was the recusancy fine under the Act of Uniformity?
The recusancy fine under the Act of Uniformity was one-shilling for every absence.
All priests needed a to preach. This had to be presented to officials when they received their visitations.
All priests needed a licence to preach. This had to be presented to officials when they received their visitations.
members of the clergy agreed to take the oath to Elizabeth under the Act of Supremacy.
8,000 members of the clergy agreed to take the oath to Elizabeth under the Act of Supremacy.
How many new bishops did Elizabeth appoint as the majority of Mary I's old Catholic bishops refused to take the oath?
Elizabeth had to appoint 27 new bishops as the majority of Mary I's Catholic bishops refused to take the oath.
True or False?
The North was the quickest to enact Elizabeth's Religious Settlement.
False.
The North was the slowest to enact Elizabeth's Religious Settlement.
Define the term vestment.
A vestment is a special religious piece of clothing which the clergy wear.
Where in the North of England had the highest number of recusants?
Lancashire, Cumberland, Yorkshire and Westmorland had the highest number of recusants in England.
members of the clergy lost their jobs during the first visitation as they breached the Religious Settlement.
400 members of the clergy lost their jobs during the first visitation as they breached the Religious Settlement.
How often were visitations conducted during the reign of Elizabeth I?
Visitations were conducted every three to four years during the reign of Elizabeth I.
Other than the clergy, who was monitored by visitations in Elizabethan England?
The visitations monitored teachers, midwives, surgeons and physicians as well as the clergy as they all required licences to practice.
Define the term devout.
The term devout means to have a complete commitment to a cause of belief.
Define the term crucifix.
A crucifix is a representation of a cross with a figure of Jesus Christ on it.
Puritans considered crucifixes as , which they considered to be a sin against God.
Puritans considered crucifixes as idols, which they considered to be a sin against God.
True or False?
Elizabeth liked crucifixes in churches.
True.
Elizabeth liked crucifixes in churches.
Why did Elizabeth allow Puritans to remove the crucifix from churches?
Elizabeth allowed Puritans to remove the crucifix from churches after Puritan bishops threatened to resign. There were not enough Protestant clergymen to replace the Puritan bishops if they resigned.
Define the term vestment.
A vestment is robe worn by the clergy during services.
In what year did Elizabeth become aware that Puritan clergymen were breaching the Act of Uniformity?
By 1565, Elizabeth became aware that Puritan clergymen were breaching the Act of Uniformity.
How many of the 110 Puritan bishops failed to attend an exhibition to show and educate Puritan bishops about the Church of England vestments.
37 of 110 Puritan bishops failed to attend the exhibition on the Church of England vestments.
Elizabeth those Puritan bishops who failed to attend the Archbishop of Canterbury's exhibition on vestments.
Elizabeth fired those Puritan bishops who failed to attend the Archbishop of Canterbury's exhibition on vestments.
True or False?
Elizabeth believed that the Puritans would not create a plot to overthrow her.
True.
Elizabeth calculated that the Puritans would not create a plot to overthrow her. They did not have an alternative monarch or help from a foreign country.
In what year did the Pope instruct all Catholics not to attend Church of England services?
In 1566, the Pope instructed all Catholics not to attend Church of England services.
Approximately how many Catholic English nobles did not attend Church of England services in early Elizabethan England?
Approximately one-third of the Catholic English nobility did not attend Church of England services.
Why were the earls of Northumberland and Westmorland angry with Elizabeth's Religious Settlement?
The earls of Northumberland and Westmorland were angry with Elizabeth's Religious Settlement as they no longer had influence in the Royal Court that they had under Mary I.
When was the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
The Revolt of the Northern Earls happened in November 1569.
During the Revolt of the Northern Earls, where did the Catholic rebels have Catholic Mass?
During the Revolt of the Northern Earls the Catholic rebels had Catholic Mass at Durham Cathedral.
Who ended the Revolt of the Northern Earls on the 16th December 1569 by using royal troops?
The Earl of Sussex ended the Revolt of the Northern Earls on 16th December 1569 by using royal troops.
True or False?
Elizabeth punished those involved in the Revolt of the Northern Earls through fines and prison sentences.
False.
Elizabeth executed hundreds of northern rebels, including the Earl of Northumberland.
What happened to the Earl of Westmorland after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
After the Revolt of the Northern Earls, the Earl of Westmorland escaped England and fled to the Spanish Netherlands under the protection of Philip II of Spain.
True or False?
In early Elizabethan England, many influential people in England were Catholic.
True.
In early Elizabethan England, many influential people in England were Catholic. Many nobles in the North-East of England were Catholic and there were many Catholic bishops in the House of Lords.
In the Elizabethan period, who were the Habsburgs?
The Hapsburgs were a Catholic family dynasty that ran the majority of Europe during the Elizabethan period.
Where in Europe was the Holy Roman Empire?
The Holy Roman Empire covered different states and kingdoms in modern-day Germany, Italy, Poland and Austria.
When did a religious war between the Protestant Huguenots and the Catholic nobility break out in France?
A religious war broke out in France in 1562 between the Protestant Huguenots and the Catholic nobility.
What caused the French Wars of Religion in 1562?
The French Wars of Religion happened in 1562 because the French ruler Catherine de Médici showed more tolerance to the Protestant Huguenots. This angered a powerful Catholic family called the Guise.
True or False?
Elizabeth's plans to help the Huguenots in France was a success.
False.
Elizabeth's plans to help the Huguenots in France failed. The Huguenots made peace with the Catholics and Elizabeth singed the Treaty of Troyes, officially handing over Calais to France.
In the 16th Century, owned the Netherlands.
In the 16th Century, Spain owned the Netherlands.
Philip II of Spain created a trade embargo of English cloth to the Netherlands as he believed that the cloth trade spread into the Netherlands.
Philip II of Spain created a trade embargo of English cloth to the Netherlands as he believed that the cloth trade spread Protestantism into the Netherlands.
Name two causes of the Dutch Revolt, 1566-1568.
The Dutch Revolt of 1566-1568 happened as:
Spain's influence in the Netherlands continued to grow
Spain used violence against the Dutch through the Spanish Inquisition and the Duke of Alba
True or False?
The Dutch Revolt was stopped in 1568 by the Duke of Alba.
True.
The Dutch Revolt was stopped in 1568 by the Duke of Alba by establishing the 'Council of Troubles'.
Why was Elizabeth I worried about the Duke of Alba and his actions in the Netherlands?
Elizabeth I was worried about the actions of the Duke of Alba as the Netherlands was close to England and Alba's Counter-Reformation could spread to England.
True or False?
Elizabeth I welcomed the Dutch Protestants to England during the Duke of Alba's Counter-Reformation.
False.
Elizabeth I condemned the Dutch Protestants yet they continued to flee to England.
In the 1560s, why did Elizabeth I actively avoid causing a war with Spain?
In the 1560s, Elizabeth I actively avoided a war with Spain as Spain was much stronger, had the support of the Pope and could trigger a civil war in England.