11 mark
Which of the following was a part of the ‘Three Ks’ promoted by the Nazis?
Knowledge.
Creation.
Kingship.
Children.
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Life in Nazi Germany, 1933-39 (Edexcel GCSE History: Modern Depth Study (Paper 3))
Topic Questions
20 mins20 questions
21 mark
What did the Nazis hope to achieve with the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage?
To encourage the economy to grow.
To increase the birth rate in Germany.
To decrease the number of marriages.
To control women and force them to join the Nazi Party.
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31 mark
What was the main aim of Nazi education for boys?
To become skilled musicians.
To teach them how to cook and to look after the family.
To learn about democracy and the history of Germany.
To prepare them for military service.
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41 mark
What did the Nazi Party require of all teachers?
To join the Nazi Teachers’ League.
To speak German.
To decorate their room.
To teach students about Ancient Greeks.
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51 mark
Which of the following was not a reason for Hitler wanting to reduce unemployment during the Nazi regime?
To have everyone employed so they could contribute towards the production of armaments.
To improve German infrastructure.
To prevent German people from supporting Communism.
To keep everyone physically active in Germany to prevent health issues.
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61 mark
What was a key focus of the Strength Through Joy (KdF) programme?
Building Autobahns.
Providing leisure activities and holidays for workers.
Enforcing strict work hours.
Providing better facilities for workers to improve their working conditions.
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71 mark
When did ‘Kristallnacht’ happen?
August 1938.
September 1938.
October 1938.
November 1938.
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81 mark
Study Interpretation 1. Interpretation 1 is about the standard of living of German workers in Nazi Germany. What is the main view of this interpretation?
Interpretation 1: From Life in Germany, by Steve Waugh, published in 2009.
From 1936 to 1939 wages increased, but this was due to a longer working day rather than an increase in hourly wage rates. In addition, the cost of living rose in the 1930s, which meant that real wages (how much the workers could buy) actually fell. There were also food shortages because the government reduced agricultural production to keep up prices (to help farmers). |
The standard of living got worse for workers due to longer working days and an increase in the cost of living.
The standard of living improved for workers as their wages increased.
The standard of living only improved because the Nazis intervened by increasing wages.
The standard of living stayed the same as it was during the Weimar Republic because there were food shortages and wages remained the same.
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91 mark
Study Source B. What is the purpose of Source B?
Source B: From a speech made by Joseph Goebbels in March 1933.
"German women! German men! The birth rate in Germany is rapidly declining so a major change is needed. We believe that German women must see their strength and abilities in different areas from men. Let me say this clearly: the first, best, and most suitable place for the woman is in the family. It is her most glorious duty to give children to her people and nation. The woman is the teacher of the youth, and therefore the builder of the foundation of the future. If the family is the nation's source of strength, the woman is at its centre. The best place for the woman to serve her people is in her marriage, in the family, in motherhood" |
This is a speech by Joseph Goebbels in 1933.
This is a piece of propaganda designed to encourage the women of Nazi Germany to stay at home, as per Nazi policy.
This is an announcement to tell the people of Germany that the birth rate is falling.
This is a diary entry of Gobebels which he used to reflect on an announcement made about women in 1933.
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101 mark
Study Source A. Source C is about Nazi policies towards the youth. What inference can be made about this source?
Source A: A photograph taken in 1938 showing members of the Hitler Youth preparing for a Nazi Party event.
Many young boys disliked the focus on physical activities.
The youth groups were unorganised and disloyal to the Nazi Party.
Many young boys were enthusiastic and enjoyed the activities.
Attendance amongst teenagers was poor in the Nazi youth groups.
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11 mark
What was the difference between the school curriculum in Weimar Germany and the Third Reich?
In Weimar Germany, Eugenics was on the school curriculum. In the Third Reich, it was taken off by the Nazis.
In Weimar Germany, History taught its pupils that the Jewish people were to blame for Germany losing the First World War. In the Third Reich, they blamed the Communists.
In the Third Reich, Domestic Service was on the school curriculum. In Weimar Germany, it was not on the curriculum.
In the Third Reich, Physical Education was introduced into the curriculum to create strong children. In Weimar Germany, it was not on the curriculum.
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21 mark
What consequence did the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 have on Jewish people in Germany?
Jewish people were required to wear a yellow circle on their left arm at all times to make them easily recognisable.
Jewish people lost their German citizenship.
Jewish people were only allowed to vote in local elections, not in national elections.
Jewish people had to request permission from their local Nazi official if they wanted to marry a German citizen.
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31 mark
What caused ‘Kristallnacht’?
A Jewish person from Poland shot a German diplomat in Paris.
A Dutch communist burnt down the Reichstag.
Joseph Goebbels ordered the people of Germany to attack Jewish people.
Ernst Rӧhm was a threat to Hitler’s control over the Nazi Party.
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41 mark
Study Interpretation 2. Interpretation 2 is about the standards of living of German workers in Nazi Germany. What contextual knowledge supports the view mentioned in Interpretation?
Interpretation 2: From Nationalist, Dictatorship and Democracy in 20th Century Europe, by Hall, Shuter, Brown and Williams, published in 2015.
For Germans who conformed to Nazi expectations, living standards went up. Unemployment dropped. Nazi statistics show that real wages rose… though only if a worker worked overtime. The ‘Strength Through Joy’ programme provided many extras. Some (benefits), such as loans [and] medical care… were real enough. |
The KdF provided 21 000 lectures and theatre performances to 11 million people.
The KdF provided 50 000 museum tours to 2.5 million people.
The KdF provided 25 000 Volkswagen cars to 3 million people.
The KdF provided 1 000 cruises to 800 000 people.
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51 mark
Study Source A. Source A is about the treatment of Jewish people under the Nuremberg Laws. How does Source A support the following inference:
“Jewish people were treated harshly under the Nuremberg Laws”?
Source A: The Nuremberg Laws, The Reich Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour, 15th September, 1935.
“Imbued with the knowledge that the purity of the German blood is the prerequisite for the continuance of the German people, arid inspired by the unbending determination to guarantee the German nation for all time, the Reichstag has unanimously resolved upon the following law, which is promulgated herewith: Section 1 (1) Marriages between Jews and nationals of German or related blood are forbidden. Marriages contracted in spite of this fact are invalid, even if they were contracted abroad in order to evade this law. (2) A nullifying action can only be brought by the State’s Attorney. Section 2 Extra-marital relations between Jews and nationals of German or related blood are forbidden. Section 3 Jews are not allowed to employ in their households female nationals of German or related blood under 45 years of age.” |
Source A shows that Jewish people were treated harshly as it includes Laws.
Source A was written in 1935.
Source A shows that Jewish people were treated harshly as the source states that Jewish people were “forbidden” to marry Germans, and made marriages between Jewish people and Germans invalid.
Source A shows that Jewish people were treated harshly as the source states that Jewish people were not allowed to marry.
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11 mark
Why did Nazi policies towards women change when the late 1930s started?
The Nazis realised that women were equal to men.
The Nazis had lost interest in trying to control women.
Many men went off to fight, so women had to work in factories to keep the economy going.
The Nazis could no longer justify the ‘Three Ks’ because they were losing the war.
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21 mark
How significant were the Nazi Party's strategies in improving employment and living standards in Germany during their regime?
The Nazi Party’s strategies were very successful. Workers were working longer hours, no longer able to strike and had the responsibility to create the modern facilities they would use at work.
The Nazi Party's strategies were not successful. Unemployment remained high and the average working week increased by six hours. Many unskilled workers struggled to afford the essentials and many of the Nazi's schemes failed, such as the Volkswagen scheme.
The Nazi Party’s strategies were successful. Unemployment dropped to 200 000 by 1939. However, many people in Germany were worse off as they were discounted from the employment statistics and remained unemployed.
The Nazi Party’s strategies were relatively successful. The Nazi Party reduced unemployment, increased the wages of skilled workers and introduced national schemes. However, these schemes were not available for all and many were worse off as the average working week increased.
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31 mark
Why were the young so important to the Nazi Party?
The Nazi Party wanted to create a Third Reich that would last a thousand years. Controlling the youth would ensure the future of the Nazi party.
The Nazi Party only focused on boys as they wanted a strong and large army so it could conquer Europe and achieve Lebensraum.
The Nazi Party wanted a successful and large party. The only way to do this was to boost the membership of the party by having a youth section.
The Nazi Party wanted to educate the young about eugenics to create a pure German race.
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41 mark
Study Interpretation 1 and Interpretation 2. These interpretations are about the attitudes of young people towards the Hitler Youth movement. Why are these interpretations different?
Interpretation 1: From Germany 1918-45 by J Cloake, published in 1997.
Many young people were attracted by the exciting and interesting activities of the youth movements. There were many outdoor events such as camping and hiking as well as sports. Some enjoyed the military aspects of the youth movements, the uniforms, the marching and the discipline. Other young people liked the music that was a frequent part of cultural activities or military parades. There was great comradeship among the Hitler Youth. |
Interpretation 2: From Germany 1858-1990: Hope, Terror and Revival by A Kitson, published in 2001.
The movement became less popular towards the late 1930s as the activities became increasingly focused on preparations for war and the discipline became more strict when membership became compulsory. There was a growing resentment at the way Hitler Youth leaders acted as if they were better than members who were barely younger than they were. Some youngsters began to kick against the restrictions of the Hitler Youth. |
Interpretation 1 states that many young people liked the Hitler Youth movement. Interpretation 2 states that many young people disliked the Hitler Youth movement.
Interpretation 1 focuses on the young people’s reactions to Hitler Youth early on in the Nazi regime. Interpretation 2 focuses on the young people’s reactions to Hitler Youth later on in the Nazi regime.
Interpretation 1 states that many young people liked the physical activities under the Nazis. Interpretation 2 states that many young people dislike physical activities.
Interpretation 1 was written by J Cloake and Interpretation 2 was written by A Kitson. They are different interpretations because the interpretations were written by two different authors.
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51 mark
Study Interpretation 1 and Source C. Interpretation 1 is about Nazi policies towards women. How does Source C support Interpretation 1?
Interpretation 1: From Weimar and Nazi Germany by J Hite and C Hinton, published in 2000.
The Nazis' attempts to drive women back into the house were not particularly successful. In fact, the number of women in all types of jobs increased, mainly due to the work opportunities created by the economic recovery. By 1936, more workers were needed in agriculture and industry in Germany and by 1939 this shortage of workers was a serious problem. This led to more women returning to work. Overall, the Nazis took a cautious approach to the employment of women and only a few women were actually forced out of jobs. |
Source C: A photograph from 1938. The photograph shows women working in a textile factory in a large industrial city.
Source C supports Interpretation 1 because they are both about women.
Source C supports Interpretation 1 because they were both published during the Nazi period.
Source C supports Interpretation 1 because it supports the suggestion that ‘the Nazis attempts to drive women back into the house were not particularly successful’ as Source C shows women working in a factory in 1938.
Source C supports Interpretation 1 because Source C shows the new work opportunities that the Nazis created which helped the economic recovery, as stated in Interpretation 1.
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