War with Spain, 1585-1588 (Edexcel GCSE History)

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  • What did the Dutch Revolt in 1566 prove about the Spanish control in the Netherlands?

    The Dutch Revolt in 1566 proved that both Dutch Catholics and Protestants wanted to rid the Netherlands of Spanish control.

  • Who was sent to the Netherlands in 1567 to help Spain to regain their control?

    The Duke of Alba was sent to the Netherlands to help Spain to regain their control of the Netherlands.

  • True or False?

    Elizabeth chose a non-aggressive strategy to deal with Spain's control of the Netherlands.

    True.

    Elizabeth chose a non-aggressive strategy to deal with Spain's control of the Netherlands to prevent a war with Spain.

  • Elizabeth helped the Dutch rebels by sending ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ and mercenaries to the Netherlands.

    Elizabeth helped the Dutch rebels by sending money and mercenaries to the Netherlands.

  • In the 1570s, which French Duke offered Elizabeth a promise of marriage?

    In the 1570s, Elizabeth was offered the promise of marriage by the French Duke of Alençon.

  • True or False?

    Elizabeth wanted to improve England's relationship with France as she believed it would worry Phillip II enough to return the Netherlands to the Dutch.

    True.

    Elizabeth believed an alliance with Alençon would worry Philip enough to return the Netherlands to the Dutch.

  • Define the term munity.

    A mutiny is an open rebellion usually by soldiers or sailors against authorities.

  • Why did Spanish troops in the Netherlands start a mutiny against the Spanish government?

    The Spanish troops mutined against the Spanish government as they had not been paid for months.

  • The ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ was a document created by the 17 Dutch provinces, which demanded Spain leave the Netherlands and stop its religious persecution.

    The Pacification of Ghent was a document created by the 17 Dutch provinces, which demanded Spain leave the Netherlands and stop its religious persecution.

  • True or False?

    Philip II of Spain did not agree to the terms of the Pacification of Ghent.

    False.

    Philip II of Spain sent his brother, Don Juan, to accept the terms of the Pacification of Ghent in February 1577. Within a few months, Philip II broke the Pacification of Ghent.

  • True or False?

    Elizabeth kept the promise she made to the Dutch rebels and sent armed forces to the Netherlands when Philip II broke the Pacification of Ghent.

    False.

    Elizabeth did not keep her promise. She hired a mercenary named John Casmir who raised an army of 6,00 volunteers to attack the Spanish forces in the Netherlands.

  • Was John Casimir and the mercenary soldiers successful against the Spanish forces in the Netherlands?

    No.

    John Casimir was not successful against the Spanish forces in the Netherlands. He angered the Dutch Catholics and this persuaded them to make peace with the Spanish.

  • How much money did Elizabeth give to the Duke of Alençon in 1581 to send another army into the Netherlands?

    Elizabeth gave the Duke of Alençon £70,000 to send another army into the Netherlands.

  • Which three events in 1584 negatively affected Anglo-Spanish relations?

    The three events in 1584 which negatively affected Anglo-Spanish relations were:

    1. The death of the Duke of Alençon

    2. The murder of William of Orange

    3. The Treaty of Joinville

  • When was the Treaty of Nonsuch signed?

    The Treaty of Nonsuch was signed on 10th August 1585.

  • True or False?

    In the Treaty of Nonsuch, Elizabeth agreed to send 7,000 troops to fight alongside the Dutch rebels.

    False.

    In the Treaty of Nonsuch, Elizabeth agreed to send 7,400 troops to fight alongside the Dutch rebels.

  • Alongside the Treaty of Nonsuch, Elizabeth ordered ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ to raid the Spanish settlements in the Americas.

    Alongside the Treaty of Nonsuch, Elizabeth ordered Francis Drake to raid the Spanish settlements in the Americas.

  • After the Treaty of Nonsuch, who was in charge of Elizabeth's campaign in the Netherlands?

    Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester was in charge of Elizabeth's campaign in the Netherlands.

  • What title was given to Robert Dudley after he arrived in the Netherlands in January 1586?

    Robert Dudley was given the title of 'Governor General of the Netherlands' after he arrived in the Netherlands.

  • Why did the Dutch rebels question Robert Dudley's decision-making?

    The Dutch rebels questioned Dudley's decision-making as he trusted Sir William Stanley who defected and gave the town of Deventer to the Spanish in 1587.

  • Was England's campaign in the Netherlands a success?

    No.

    England's campaign in the Netherlands was not a success. Elizabeth lost trust in Dudley and she reduced the amount of money she invested and insisted Dudley returned.

  • Robert Dudley did not succeed in the Netherlands because ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ did not give him enough men, supplies or time to ensure the success of the campaign in the Netherlands.

    Robert Dudley did not succeed in the Netherlands because Elizabeth did not give him enough men, supplies or time to ensure the success of the campaign in the Netherlands.

  • Why did Elizabeth order Francis Drake to attack the Spanish navy in March 1587?

    Elizabeth ordered Drake to attack the Spanish navy in March 1587 as she heard reports of a mighty Spanish invasion force destined for England.

  • True or False?

    The majority of Spanish voyages to the Americas started in Cadiz. Cadiz's harbour held the majority of Spain's most advanced and valuable ships.

    True.

    The majority of Spanish voyages to the Americas started in Cadiz. Cadiz's harbour held the majority of Spain's most advanced and valuable ships.

  • During Francis Drake's raid of Cadiz Harbour, how many Spanish ships were looted, burnt or sunk by Drake?

    30 Spanish ships were looted, burnt or sunk by Drake's raid on the Spanish harbour of Cadiz.

  • Drake sailed to the Azores and captured the San Felipe treasure ship. Drake returned to England with ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ worth of stolen Spanish treasure.

    Drake sailed to the Azores and captured the San Felipe treasure ship. Drake returned to England with £114,000 worth of stolen Spanish treasure.

  • How did Francis Drakes actions in the 'Singeing of the King of Spain's Beard' affect Spain?

    Francis Drake's actions in the 'Singeing of the King of Spain's Beard' affected Spain as they were embarrassed by Drake's raid and their fleet was damaged. It delayed their invasion of England by a year.

  • Define the term armada in the context of the Spanish Armada.

    An Armada is a large number of armed ships.

  • On 29th July ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎, the Spanish Armada was spotted in the English Channel.

    On 29th July 1558, the Spanish Armada was spotted in the English Channel.

  • True or False?

    King Philip II of Spain launched the Spanish Armada because Elizabeth refused to support Sir Francis Drake's privateering in the Spanish Americas.

    False.

    King Philip II of Spain launched the Spanish Armada because Elizabeth supported Sir Francis Drake's privateering in the Spanish Americas.

  • The execution of ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ in 1587 gave Philip a reason to attack England.

    The execution of Mary, Queen of Scots in 1587 gave Philip a reason to attack England.

  • Who was the Duke of Medina- Sidonia?

    The Duke of Medina- Sidonia was the Commander of the Spanish navy.

  • Define the term galleon.

    A galleon is a sailing ship with three or four masts, used for both trade and war from the 15th to the 18th centuries.

  • The Spanish navy had 130 large ships whereas the English navy had ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ships, consisting of small galleons.

    The Spanish navy had 130 large ships whereas the English navy had 200 ships, consisting of small galleons.

  • True or False?

    The Spanish had more soldiers than the English during the Spanish Armada.

    True.

    The Spanish had 30,000 soldiers and the English had 20,000 soldiers.

  • How many canons did the Spanish Armada have?

    The Spanish Armada had 2,431 cannons.

  • When did Philip launch the Spanish Armada?

    Philip launched the Spanish Armada in May 1588.

  • True or False?

    The design of the English galleon ship helped England defeat the Spanish Armada.

    True.

    The design of the galleon ship allowed for them to move quicker than the Spanish warship.

  • The English ships had smaller ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ with a longer range. The English hit the Spanish Armada from a distance. The Armada was unable to get close enough to the English ships to use their more powerful cannon.

    The English ships had smaller cannons with a longer range. The English hit the Spanish Armada from a distance. The Armada was unable to get close enough to the English ships to use their more powerful cannon.

  • True or False?

    The Spanish were well prepared for the Spanish Armada.

    False.

    The Spanish were not well-prepared. Their food provisions were poorly managed, and they faced delays due to bad weather.

  • How did the lack of communication between the Duke of Medina-Sidonia and the Duke of Parma result in Spain's defeat?

    Communication between the Duke of Medina-Sidonia and the Duke of Parma was slow, as messages had to be sent by sea, leaving them vulnerable to attack.

  • The leadership of ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ resulted in the failure of the Spanish Armada as he did not listen to his commander's advice and concerns.

    The leadership of Philip II resulted in the failure of the Spanish Armada as he did not listen to his commander's advice and concerns.