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Protestantism encouraged private study of the . This increased the importance of education in England.
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Protestantism encouraged private study of the . This increased the importance of education in England.
Protestantism encouraged private study of the Bible. This increased the importance of education in England.
How did humanism encourage education in the Elizabethan period?
Humanism believed that education gave people more control of their lives. They encouraged the study of ancient philosophers to find the answers to life's big questions.
True or False?
In the Elizabethan period, it was believed that girls did not need education as much as boys.
True.
In the Elizabethan period, it was believed that girls did not need education as much as boys.
Define the term private tutor.
A private tutor is someone who provides an education to an individual or a small group outside of a school.
The number of schools increased during Elizabeth's reign.
The number of grammar schools increased during Elizabeth's reign.
Define the term 'middling sort'.
A 'middling sort' is someone whose parents were landowners, lawyers, doctors or wealthy business owners. They were less wealthy than the gentry, but richer than the working class.
True or False?
Grammar schools admitted girls during the Elizabethan period.
False.
Grammar schools did not allow the admission of girls during the Elizabethan period.
Which subjects were boys from a 'middling sort' background taught at grammar school during the Elizabethan period?
Boys were taught Latin, Greek, French, History, Philosophy, Literature, Poetry and Bible Study at grammar schools.
How were 'middling sort' grammar schools different to grammar schools attended by the merchant and craftsmen class?
Merchant and craftsman grammar schools were different to 'middling sorts' grammar schools because they focused on more practical skills like counting, writing and Geography.
Define the term apprenticeship.
An apprenticeship is when someone learns a trade and receives an education at the same time.
Petty schools focused on the education of boys, whereas schools focused on the education of girls.
Petty schools focused on the education of boys, whereas Dame schools focused on the education of girls.
At what age did children attend Petty and Dame schools?
Children attended Petty and Dame schools between the ages of 4 and 7 years old.
Why did the poor in Elizabethan England not receive a formal education?
The poor did not receive a formal education in Elizabethan England because their parents could not afford school fees and they had jobs which did not require them to read or write.
In the Elizabethan period, were allowed to participate in hunting, hawking and fishing.
In the Elizabethan period, noble women were allowed to participate in hunting, hawking and fishing.
What types of sports did Elizabethan noblemen participate in?
Elizabethan noblemen participated in hunting, hawking, fishing, fencing, real tennis, wrestling and swimming.
Which sports did both the working class and upper class participate in?
Both the working class and the upper class participated in wrestling, hunting and swimming.
The main sport that working-class people played was .
The main sport that working-class people played was football.
Define the term bear baiting.
Bear baiting was a form of entertainment that involved dogs attacking a captive bear.
Sir Walter Raleigh wrote in 1596.
Sir Walter Raleigh wrote The Discovery of Guiana in 1596.
What genre of books were popular during the Elizabethan period?
History and biographies were a popular genre during the Elizabethan period.
True or False?
There were no theatres in England in 1576.
False.
The first theatre in England, the Red Lion, was created in 1567.
Everyone could afford to go to an Elizabethan theatre. The working classes paid one penny to stand in the .
Everyone could afford to go to an Elizabethan theatre. The working classes paid one penny to stand in the 'yard' or the 'pit'.
Define the term censorship.
Censorship means the process of removing or restricting information from books, films, newspapers, plays etc. that goes against the values of the authority in charge.
When did Elizabeth introduce censorship of the theatre?
Elizabeth introduced censorship of the theatres in 1572.
What musical instruments were played by the upper classes in Elizabethan England?
The upper classes in Elizabethan England played lutes, spinets and the harpsichord.
Where would the lower classes experience music in Elizabethan England?
The lower classes experienced music in Elizabethan England at fairs, markets, public celebrations, churches and taverns.
Define the term poverty.
Poverty is the condition of being extremely poor to the point someone cannot afford the basic necessities.
Define the term 'Deserving' Poor.
The 'Deserving' Poor were people who could not work because of their health or age.
Define the term 'Idle' Poor.
The 'Idle' Poor were people who were physically capable or working but were not working because they could not find a job.
A survey in Norwich in 1570, showed that up to of those in poverty were under the age of 16.
A survey in Norwich in 1570, showed that up to 40% of those in poverty were under the age of 16.
Define the term vagrant.
A vagrant was also known as a vagabond. It was the name given to someone who was homeless and unemployed who travelled across England. They often begged or stole for money.
An was someone who travelled from town to two in search of work.
An itinerant was someone who travelled from town to two in search of work.
Name three effects poor harvests had on poverty in Elizabethan England?
Poor harvests resulted in increased poverty as they increased the price of food, caused food shortages and resulted in landowners turning to different forms of farming.
The population in England increased by as life expectancy increased and more children were surviving childhood.
The population in England increased by 35% as life expectancy increased and more children were surviving childhood.
Define the term inflation.
Inflation is a sustained increase in the average price level of goods/services in an economy.
How did inflation affect people in Elizabethan England?
Inflation affected the people in Elizabethan England as many on lower wages could not afford basic necessities such as food. Many fell into poverty, even if they were employed.
Woollen cloth accounted for 81.6% of England's in Elizabethan times.
Woollen cloth accounted for 81.6% of England's exports in Elizabethan times.
How did sheep farming increase poverty in Elizabethan England?
Sheep farming increased poverty in Elizabethan England as it took away common land from the local people, farmers did not have to hire as many workers and sheep ate crops.
Define the term enclosure.
Enclosure is the fencing off of land for the exclusive use of the landowner.
True or False?
Farmers wanted to enclose their crops to protect the land.
True.
Farmers wanted to enclose their land as it protected their crops and increased their profits.
Define the term subsistence farmers.
Subsistence farmers are people who grow just enough food to feed their families. They did not grow enough to sell.
The issues in England's countryside made worse as many rural workers moved to towns and cities to find work, and could not find work.
The issues in England's countryside made vagabondage worse as many rural workers moved to towns and cities to find work, and could not find work.
What issues did vagabondage cause in Elizabethan towns and cities?
Vagabondage built poor makeshift houses outside of the city walls, where there was high levels of crime.
True or False?
The Elizabethan people and government wanted to help vagabonds.
False.
The Elizabethan people and government saw vagabonds as lazy and undeserving of their help.
Define the term laissez-faire.
Laissez-faire is French for 'allow to do'. It describes the government's attitude up to the end of the 19th century. It did not believe in interfering in people's lives.
The in 1563, made local officials accountable for providing poor relief and those refusing to pay faced imprisonment.
The Statue of Articiers in 1563, made local officials accountable for providing poor relief and those refusing to pay faced imprisonment.
True or False?
The Vagabonds Act of 1572 attempted to reduce the levels of vagrancy in towns and cities by registering the poor and finding work for the unemployed.
True.
The Vagabonds Act of 1572 attempted to reduce the levels of vagrancy in towns and cities by registering the poor and finding work for the unemployed.
What were the aims of the Poor Relief Act, 1576?
The Poor Relief Act of 1576 aimed to determine the genuine poor who needed help from those who did not want or accept government-poor relief.
The Poor Laws provided the poor with a way to work out of poverty. They influenced the government's approach to poverty until the .
The Poor Laws provided the poor with a way to work out of poverty. They influenced the government's approach to poverty until the 1800s.
True or False?
Only 20% of vagrants received the punishment of whipping. Most parishes gave vagrants money if they promised to leave the town.
False.
Only 10% of vagrants received the punishment of whipping. Most parishes gave vagrants money if they promised to leave the town.
How successful were the Poor Laws at controlling the external factors that caused poverty in England?
Unsuccessful.
The Poor Laws could not control external factors that caused poverty in England. As such, poverty remained high.
Define the term voyages.
Voyages were long trips, usually by ship.
How did trade encourage exploration in Elizabethan England?
The conflict in the Netherlands affected the English cloth trade. Merchants began to look for new, undisturbed places to trade in.
Define the term Triangular Trade.
The three main stages of the Atlantic slave trade. It involved shipping goods from Britain to West Africa to be traded for people. These enslaved Africans were shipped to the Americas in exchange for sugar, rum, and other valuable goods. These items were shipped back to Britain.
Explorers reported about the treasures available in the such as precious metals and crops. The potential profits from these markets encouraged investors to fund voyages.
Explorers reported about the treasures available in the Americas such as precious metals and crops. The potential profits from these markets encouraged investors to fund voyages.
What was the name of the new trading passage to the Far East?
The name of the new trading passage to the Far East was the North-West Passage.
Define the term quadrant.
A quadrant is a quarter circular device that uses the position of the stars to help sailors know where their ship is located in the ocean.
Define the term astrolabe.
An astrolabe is a circular device that used the position of the stars to help sailors know where their ship was located in the ocean.
What is a Mercator map?
A Mercator map is a map which uses parallel lines called longitude and latitude to draw the location of countries. This gave explorers knowledge of where land masses were located.
Galleons were larger than previous trading ships. They were faster due to their sails.
Galleons were larger than previous trading ships. They were faster due to their Lateen sails.
Define the term circumnavigation.
Circumnavigation is the act of sailing all the way around an area e.g. the world.
True or False?
Sir Francis Drake was the first person to circumnavigate the globe between 1577 and 1580.
False.
Sir Francis Drake was the second person to circumnavigate the globe.
Who was Sir Walter Raleigh?
Sir Walter Raleigh was one of Elizabeth's favourite courtiers. He was also an explorer, author and historian.
After the success of Sir Francis Drake's circumnavigation of the globe, Elizabeth's government desired to explore more of the Americas. Elizabeth gave Sir Walter Raleigh a grant to find a suitable for English settlers.
After the success of Sir Francis Drake's circumnavigation of the globe, Elizabeth's government desired to explore more of the Americas. Elizabeth gave Sir Walter Raleigh a grant to find a suitable colony for English settlers.
When did Walter Raleigh send an expedition to North America to discover a suitable colony?
In 1584, Walter Raleigh sent an expedition to North America to discover a suitable colony.
The expedition found an ideal location. Captain Arthur Barlowe called the area in his report back to England.
The expedition found an ideal location. Captain Arthur Barlowe called the area 'Virginia' in his report back to England.
What was the name of the indigenous community the English explorers encountered in Virginia?
The name of the indigenous community the English explorers encountered was called the Anlgonquians.
How many colonists landed on Roanoke Island?
107 colonists landed on Roanoke Island.
True or False?
One of the reasons why the Virginia colony failed was that not enough of the colonists were farmers.
True.
One of the reasons why the Virginia colony failed was that not enough of the colonists were farmers.
Name two reasons why the colonisation of Virginia was significant for England.
The colonisation of Virginia was significant for England because it took power away from Spain and boosted the economy.
The Virginia colony failed because there were not enough and the colonists became too reliant on the Algonquian for food.
The Virginia colony failed because there were not enough farmers and the colonists became too reliant on the Algonquian for food.
True or False?
The ship, the Lion, became damaged during the voyage. Seawater damaged the colonists' food supplies and crops.
False.
The ship, the Tiger, became damaged during the voyage. Seawater damaged the colonists' food supplies and crops.
The Algonquians believed the English had supernatural powers that killed them. In reality, the colonists borough European that the Algonquians had no immunity to.
The Algonquians believed the English had supernatural powers that killed them. In reality, the colonists borough European diseases that the Algonquians had no immunity to.
In what year did the colonists return from Virginia?
The colonists returned from Virginia in 1586.