The Acts of Succession & Supremacy,1534 (Edexcel GCSE History)

In 1534, two important laws were passed in England: the Acts of Succession and Supremacy. These laws had a significant impact on England's religious and political identity.

The Act of Succession solidified Henry's break from the Catholic Church, which prevented him from divorcing Catherine. It undermined the claim to the throne of Mary, his and Catherine of Aragon's daughter.

The Act of Supremacy made Henry VIII the Supreme Head of the Church of England. This meant that the king, not the Pope, had the final say in religious matters in England. It allowed Henry to control the Church and its resources.

By separating from the Catholic Church and establishing himself as the head of the Church of England, Henry VIII gained more power and control over his kingdom. However, these acts also sparked resistance and conflict. Many people remained loyal to the Catholic Church.

Henry's marriage to Catherine of Aragon was unlawful. His marriage to Anne Boleyn was lawful and she was the rightful Queen of England

This rejected the Pope's decision that Henry was still married to Catherine. Henry removed the Pope's name from all prayer books in England

Mary, Henry's daughter with Catherine, was declared illegitimate. Henry's daughter with Anne Boleyn, Elizabeth, and further children with Anne were legitimate heirs

Many people would not want Mary or Elizabeth to be monarchs because they were women

Henry became the Supreme Head of the English Church

Henry had undermined the authority of the Pope

Henry had the power to decide the beliefs and organisation of the Church. He could appoint whoever he wanted to key church positions

Henry controlled all Church property and wealth. He created the Court of Augmentations and the Court of the First Fruits and Tenths.

It did little to affect the day-to-day running of the Church. The Pope had generally agreed with who the king chose for clergy positions. The king rather than the Pope usually decided on church court appeals

Oath of Succession

Act of Succession

This was a clause in the Act of Succession. It required everyone, including clergymen, to promise that they supported Anne Boleyn as Queen of England.

If someone refused to take the oath, they would be accused of treason. This crime was punishable by death

The Treason Act 1534

Act of Supremacy

In 1534, Henry expanded the definition of treason to include speaking out or not accepting Henry's supremacy over the Church.

People who did not respect Henry's supremacy could be hung, drawn and quartered