Coastal Change & Conflict (Edexcel GCSE Geography B)

Study Figure 2 which shows a part of the coastline of the East Riding of Yorkshire.

Figure 2

i)

Which one of the following is the best description of Wilsthorpe?

(1)

ii)

Identify one way in which Figure 2 could be improved to help calculate the rate of erosion on this coastline.

(1)

iii)

State two possible reasons why coastal erosion is rapid on this coastline.

(2)

Explain two reasons why protecting some coastlines from erosion may have more costs than benefits.

Analyse Figure 4 which shows the amount of money spent on river and coastal flood defences in the UK, 2005–2015.

Figure 4

• Flood risks have been increasing in the UK and are likely to increase further due to climate change.

• On average, flood damage costs the UK over £1bn a year, with damage in some years costing more than £6bn (2015).

• The government calculates that an extra £25 billion over and above current spending needs to be spent on flood defences over the next 100 years.

• If spending on flood defences is increased, potential savings are estimated to be £125 bn.

Assess the costs and benefits of future increases in spending on flood defences in the UK.

Study Figure 2 which shows a part of the coastline of Aberdeenshire, Scotland.

Figure 2

Identify one type of hard engineering used to protect this coastline.

Identify which one of the following is most likely to result in rapid coastal erosion.

Explain one way in which hard engineering can reduce coastal erosion.

Explain one reason why some coastlines are protected whilst others are not.

Study Figure 2 which shows waves on the coastline of Cornwall.

Figure 2

i)

State the type of waves shown.

(1)

ii)

Identify which one of the following is the most likely cause of waves such as these.

(1)

Explain one reason why there may be an increase in the frequency of storms in the future.

Explain the difference between concordant and discordant coastlines. You may use a diagram to help your answer.