What is the aim of rural fieldwork enquiries?
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What is the aim of rural fieldwork enquiries?
The aim is to investigate changes in rural environments like impacts of new housing/roads/industry or changes in land use.
True or False?
"Building X housing estate negatively impacted the environment." is an example of a hypothesis.
True.
"Building X housing estate negatively impacted the environment." is an example of a hypothesis.
What is a null hypothesis?
A null hypothesis states the opposite of the regular hypothesis to avoid bias, like "Building X did not negatively impact the environment."
State the meaning of systematic sampling.
Systematic sampling means sampling sites at regular intervals along a transect line.
How would stratified sampling be used in a rural area enquiry?
Stratified sampling divides the sample into representative groups, like 10% of questionnaires from over 65s if they are 10% of the population.
True or False?
All rural areas need to be sampled.
False.
It is not practical to sample all parts of rural areas, so sampling strategies like systematic or random are used.
What equipment is needed for rural fieldwork?
Equipment for a rural enquiry includes:
Record sheets
Interview sheets
Pencils
Cameras
Noise meters
Surveys
Maps
What risks are associated with rural fieldwork?
The risks of rural fieldwork enquiry include:
Weather
Uneven ground
Unfamiliar places
Traffic
Livestock
Define an opportunistic sampling approach.
An opportunistic approach means sampling as close as possible to intended sites if access is limited.
'Sampling sites were every 1km in a rural area along a transect'. This is an example of what type of sampling?
Sampling sites every 1km in a rural area along a transect is an example of systematic sampling because the sample sites are a regular distance apart.
What is an Environmental Quality Survey (EQS)?
An Environmental Quality Survey (EQS) is used to compare different rural sites by rating environmental factors like litter, buildings, traffic, etc.
True or False?
Environmental Quality Survey data is quantitative.
True.
Environmental Quality Surveys are quantitative as the data is numerical.
How are questionnaires used for rural enquiries?
Questionnaires gather opinions of locals through open/closed questions about issues like new housing impacts.
How may photographs be used in rural fieldwork?
Photographs and field sketches are qualitative data showing changes in land use and environment at sample sites.
What are the strengths of using bar graphs in data presentation?
Bar graphs are used in rural enquiries because they:
Summarise data well
Are easy to interpret/construct
Show trends clearly
What is a rose diagram used for?
Rose diagrams use bars along compass directions to plot data like wind direction or noise levels.
What are scatter graphs good for showing in a fieldwork enquiry?
Scatter graphs show the relationship between two variables.
State a limitation of divided bar charts.
Divided bar charts make it difficult to identify changes, show actual values (not just percentages), and are hard to construct accurately.
What statistical methods can be used to analyse rural data?
Methods include calculating the mean of variables like traffic counts or survey scores.
What should conclusions for rural enquiries include?
Conclusions should state if the hypothesis was proved/disproved and explain any anomalies.