True or False?
Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments and the remains of plants and animals that have settled at the bottom of a lake or ocean.
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True or False?
Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments and the remains of plants and animals that have settled at the bottom of a lake or ocean.
True.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments and the remains of plants and animals that have settled at the bottom of a lake or ocean.
What type of rock is limestone?
Limestone is a type of sedimentary rock that is formed from the tiny shells and skeletons of dead sea creatures.
Define igneous rock.
Igneous rock is formed when magma from the mantle cools and hardens.
True or False?
Metamorphic rock is a rock which has been changed by heat and pressure.
True.
Metamorphic rock is a rock that has been changed by heat and pressure from an existing rock (igneous, sedimentary or older metamorphic rock).
What is permeability?
Permeability is whether a rock allows water to pass through it.
True or False?
Limestone and chalk are relatively strong and permeable.
True.
Limestone and chalk are relatively strong and permeable.
Define what clay is.
Clay is a soft, sedimentary rock formed from mud and clay minerals that is impermeable.
What are the main types of sedimentary rocks in the UK?
The main types of sedimentary rocks in the UK are limestone, chalk, clay and shale.
Define what is meant by the term landscape
Landscape refers to the character of an area, resulting from the action and interaction of natural and human elements
Identify one example of an igneous rock.
Examples of igneous rock include:
Granite
Basalt
What processes created the upland mountain ranges in the UK?
When tectonic plates collided 520 million years ago, it forced the rocks to fold and uplift. This created the mountain ranges of the uplands: Scottish Highlands, Snowdonia, and the Lake District
What is glacial erosion?
Glacial erosion is the process by which glaciers reshape the landscape through erosion (the wearing away and removal of material).
What is glacial deposition?
Glacial deposition is the process by which glaciers deposit sediments and rocks, forming landforms.
Define the term weathering.
Weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals at the Earth's surface due to physical, chemical, and biological processes.
What is freeze-thaw weathering?
Freeze-thaw weathering is the process of repeated freezing and thawing of water in cracks and pores of rocks, causing the rocks to break apart over time.
True or False?
Dry valleys are formed by rivers flowing over frozen ground during periods of colder climates. When the temperatures increase the water drains away leaving a dry valley.
True.
Dry valleys are formed by rivers flowing over frozen ground in colder climates.
What are misfit streams?
Misfit streams are small rivers flowing through the U-shaped valleys formed by glaciers.
Define glacial till.
Glacial till is unsorted sediment, a mixture of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders deposited by glacial action.
Give three ways in which the UK Landscape has been changed by farming
Farming has changed the UK landscape by:
Building of drainage ditches,
Clearance of trees and hedges,
Creation of large fields
True or False?
Settlements developed in areas with advantages such as access to rivers, natural harbours, and natural springs.
True.
Settlements developed in areas with advantages such as access to rivers, natural harbours, and natural springs.
Define the term scree.
Scree is the weathered debris found at the base of a cliff.