Paper 2: How to Answer Question 2 (AQA GCSE English Language)
Revision Note
Written by: Nick Redgrove
Reviewed by: Kate Lee
Paper 2: How to Answer Question 2
Each question in Paper 2 Section A (reading) is worth a different number of marks, and you are being tested on specific skills for each. However, your approach to each question should be the same; the only difference is how you write each answer.
This section will provide you with the information you need to answer Paper 2 Question 2 to a high standard.
Overview of Paper 2 Question 2
Paper 2 Question 2 is the summary question. This question assesses your ability to write a summary by synthesising and interpreting evidence from both sources, according to a given focus. Question 2 will ask you to comment on the source text in Section A and Section B. The texts will always be non-fiction texts from either the 19th, 20th or 21st century. You will be asked to provide a summary on some aspect of both sources. Question 2 assesses you on AO1 only:
AO1 Identify and interpret explicit and implicit information and ideas Select and synthesise evidence from different texts |
Question 2 requires you to interpret information and infer meaning using the ideas in the texts. In addition, you are also expected to synthesise the ideas and information, interpreting the differences (and any similarities) between the texts.
Overview |
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How to approach Question 2
Here is an example of Question 2:
Within the framework of the Assessment Objective, you are expected to “synthesise evidence” (which includes information, ideas and textual detail). This allows the selection and interpretation of similarities or differences to be equally valid.
Question 2 requires you to bring the two aspects of textual details together in a written summary
Your summary can be either one or two paragraphs of writing
In order to synthesise, you must show understanding of the information that you have read in both sources
The focus of the question can vary; it may invite you to engage with an abstract focus or it could involve a more concrete aspect of the text
The question will consistently remind you that you need to refer to both sources
These are the two non-fiction texts in Source A and Source B
The question will always provide you with a specific point of focus for your search
It will give you a specific textual detail to look for that connects both texts
This will either be because something is similar, something is different, or both details add together to develop a fuller understanding
The point of focus will be relatively narrow within the scope of the topic or theme as a whole as developed by both sources
As a more extended response, it requires you to show evidence of inferential reading
The scope of this question will not require you to consider writers’ techniques or effects
The question will not reference writers for this reason
Remember, aspects of writers’ techniques and effects on readers are separately assessed in AO3 in Question 4
Examiner Tips and Tricks
There is an increased demand in this question (compared to Question 1) as you are required to comprehend meaning based on two texts, instead of just one. If you refer to only one source in your answer, you are not synthesising information and will be capped in Level 2 of the mark scheme.
Understanding the wording of the summary question
It is important that you understand the wording of each part of the question so that you know how to respond to it accurately. An explanation of each part of the question is explored below.
Question text | Explanation |
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“You need to refer to Source A and Source B for this question” | The first part of the question will remind you that you need to refer to both sources in your answer |
“The writers in Source A and Source B…” | This part of the question will provide a focus for your summary which connects both texts |
This will either be something similar, something different, or both details added together to develop a fuller understanding | |
“Use details from sources to write a summary of what you understand…” | This part of the question will advise you to write a summary and include details from the text |
The wording of the question will include the phrase “what you understand about”, which encourages you to infer meaning rather than simply summarise | |
The synthesis required by AO1 can take the form of either textual evidence or the ideas themselves and you will be rewarded for both |
Steps to success for the summary question
There are essentially four skills that you need to develop in order to answer this question successfully: three of these are reading skills and one is a writing skill.
Skill 1 | Skill 2 | Skill 3 | Skill 4 |
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Pick out the point of connection in the question | Search for the textual details relevant to the focus (or parameters) of the question | Ask yourself: If this is so, what does this lead me to infer/realise/appreciate about what I’ve been asked to focus on? | Bring the two sets of details and implied meanings together in your writing |
Examiner Tips and Tricks
Writing in detail is an approach well worth adopting, as it can often be the means of moving up a level. For example, if you are working at Level 2, you might typically attempt to make one inference and then move on to make a separate point. However, by focusing and commenting further on the same point, you are more likely to provide the explanation you need to meet the criteria for ‘clear’ at Level 3. By the same token, if you are working at Level 3, by engaging in more detail with the same point and extending and developing your comment with further inferences, you will be in a much better position to move into Level 4.
Grab your highlighter and read the question first:
Read the question carefully and highlight the focus of the question
Scan both Source A and Source B:
Highlight only the information directly relevant to the focus of the question
Annotate in the margins of the texts
Start your answer using the wording of the question:
For example: “In Source A and Source B, both speakers depict contrasting images of the boats…”
This demonstrates to the examiner that you have understood both the question and the text
Go into detail:
Now you need to make as many points as possible, ranging throughout both texts
It is a good idea to make your points in chronological order, if possible
For the highest marks, you should interpret the implied meanings of the texts, synthesise ideas and give supporting evidence
For a full example of this, please see Paper 2 Question 2: Model Answer
Sum up:
Finish your answer with a “So overall…” statement
Your finishing statement should sum up what you have discovered
Exam tips for the summary question
Focus on the introduction in the text box before reading the extract, as it will usually contain contextualising information to help orientate you
Read the task carefully and ensure you have understood the correct focus
Plan your response:
One way to do this is by highlighting textual details which are relevant to the question you have been asked
You then need to choose those which are most fruitful for your summary
You will be rewarded for responses which are either perceptive or detailed or, in some cases, both:
You can offer interpretations which are perceptive, meaning your interpretation is insightful, conceptualised or profound
Or you can give a response which is detailed, meaning that it is extended, developed or analytical
Writing in detail as this approach can often be the means of moving up a level
Give extended and detailed explanations of a small number of inferences:
This is more beneficial than making a larger number of less precise inferences
Interpretation is at the heart of both key skills assessed in this question (making inferences and showing differences):
This is true regardless of whether the focus of the question is concrete or abstract
Including layers of interpretation will enable you to offer a perceptive or conceptual understanding of the ideas presented:
Interpretation of information and ideas is the key to accessing the higher levels
Where the focus of the question is on similarities, comments on differences will also be rewarded if they are appropriate to the focus of the question
Things to avoid
Avoid focusing exclusively on differences rather than similarities or vice versa:
For example, while comments about differences can be credited as part of a discussion of similarities, you must always focus on the question set
The focus in the question will always enable you to have the widest number of options to comment on
Avoid focusing on only one of the sources:
Question 2 requires you to synthesise information from both sources
You must deal with both texts and address the correct focus of the question to achieve Level 3 or above
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