String Manipulation (AQA GCSE Computer Science)

Figure 1 shows an algorithm, represented using pseudocode, which assigns a different value to four variables.

Figure 1

country ← 'United States of America'
state ← 'California'
city ←'San Francisco'
landmark ← 'Alcatraz Island'

The variable x is assigned a value using the statement:

x ← LEN(state)

Using Figure 1, what is the value of x?

Identify one choice

What is the result of concatenating the contents of the variables city and landmark in Figure 1?

Identify one choice

The subroutine SUBSTRING extracts characters from a given string.

For example, SUBSTRING(3, 5, 'Computing') would return put

The variable y is assigned a value using the statement:

y ← SUBSTRING(4, 7, landmark)

Using Figure 1, what is the value of y?

Identify one choice

Figure 4 shows a Python program that calculates car park charges.

The user inputs their car registration (eg MA19 GHJ) and the length of the stay.

The program then outputs the charge.

• Line numbers are included but are not part of the program.

Figure 4

1 charge = 0
2 carReg = input("Enter your car registration: ")
3 while len(carReg) > 8:
4     displayMessage = " is not valid"
5     carReg = input(displayMessage)
6 hours = int(input("Enter your stay in hours: "))
7 if hours < 2:
8     charge = 0
9 else:
10    charge = hours * 2
11 print(charge)

Rewrite line 4 in Figure 4 to concatenate the car registration with the string " is not valid", and store the result in the variable displayMessage.

Your answer must be written in Python.

Figure 8 box shows an algorithm represented using pseudocode.

• Line numbers are included but are not part of the algorithm

Figure 8

1 names ← ['Lily', 'Thomas']
2 name1 ← 'Sarah'
3 name2 ← 'Freddie'
4 OUTPUT name1[0]
5 OUTPUT LEN(names)
6 var ← SUBSTRING(0, 3, name1)
7 OUTPUT var

SUBSTRING returns part of a string.

For example, SUBSTRING(3, 5, 'programming') will return the string 'gra'.

Identify one choice which shows the output of line 4 from the algorithm shown in Figure 8.

Identify one choice which shows the output of line 5 from the algorithm shown in Figure 8.

State the output of line 7 from the algorithm shown in Figure 8.