The pseudocode in Figure 1 assigns two string values to two variables.
Figure 1
title ← 'computer science'
level ← 'gcse'
Identify one choice that shows the length of the contents of the variable level
in Figure 1.
1
2
3
4
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The pseudocode in Figure 1 assigns two string values to two variables.
Figure 1
title ← 'computer science'
level ← 'gcse'
Identify one choice that shows the length of the contents of the variable level
in Figure 1.
1
2
3
4
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The algorithm in Figure 2 has been developed to automate the quantity of dog box biscuits to put in a dog bowl at certain times of the day.
Line numbers are included but are not part of the algorithm.
Figure 2
1 time ← USERINPUT
2 IF time = 'breakfast' THEN
3 q ← 1
4 ELSE IF time = 'lunch' THEN
5 q ← 4
6 ELSE IF time = 'dinner' THEN
7 q ← 2
8 ELSE
9 OUTPUT 'time not recognised'
10 ENDIF
11 FOR n ← 1 TO q
12 IF n < 3 THEN
13 DISPENSE_BISCUIT('chewies')
14 ELSE
15 DISPENSE_BISCUIT('crunchy')
16 ENDIF
17 ENDFOR
Identify one choice which shows the line number where selection is first used in the algorithm shown in Figure 2.
Line number 2
Line number 4
Line number 9
Line number 12
Identify one choice which shows the line number where iteration is first used in the algorithm shown in Figure 2.
Line number 1
Line number 8
Line number 11
Line number 13
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The algorithm in Figure 4 is a sorting algorithm
Array indexing starts at 0.
Line numbers are included but are not part of the algorithm.
Figure 4
1 arr ← [4, 1, 6]
2 swapsMade ← false
3 WHILE swapsMade = false
4 swapsMade ← true
5 i ← 0
6 WHILE i < 2
7 IF arr[i+1] < arr[i] THEN
8 t ← arr[i]
9 arr[i] ← arr[i+1]
10 arr[i+1] ← t
11 swapsMade ← false
12 ENDIF
13 i ← i + 1
14 ENDWHILE
15 ENDWHILE
Identify one choice to show which of the following contains the false statement about the algorithm in Figure 4.
The algorithm uses a named constant
The algorithm uses indefinite iteration
The algorithm uses nested iteration
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Figure 8.
1 num1 = int(input())
2 num2 = int(input())
3 hcf = 1
4 count = 1
5 while count < num1:
6 if (num1 % count == 0 and num2 % count == 0):
7 hcf = count
8 count = count + 1
9 print(hcf)
State the output from the program in Figure 8 when the user enters the numbers 4 and 4.
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Figure 1 shows an algorithm, represented using pseudocode, which assigns a different value to four variables.
Figure 1
country ← 'United States of America'
state ← 'California'
city ← 'San Francisco'
landmark ← 'Alcatraz Island'
The subroutine POSITION
finds the first position of a character in a string.
For example, POSITION('Computing', 'p')
would return 3.
The variable z
is assigned a value using the statement:
z ← POSITION(landmark, 't')
What value is assigned to z?
Identify one choice.
-1
3
4
5
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Figure 2
1 again ←True
2 WHILE again = True
3 a ← USERINPUT
4 IF a > 0 THEN
5 counter ← 0
6 WHILE a > 0
7 a ← a DIV 3
8 counter ← counter + 1
9 ENDWHILE
10 ELSE
11 again ← False
12 ENDIF
13 OUTPUT a
14 ENDWHILE
Where is iteration first used in the algorithm in Figure 2?
Identify one choice.
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Figure 8 box shows an algorithm, written using pseudocode, that uses a RECORD data structure for storing information about a film.
Each record stores four pieces of information about a film:
film title
certificate (eg 12A, PG)
year the film was made
if the film is currently being shown at a cinema.
There are records for three films and these films are stored alphabetically in an array called filmCollection
.
The pseudocode outputs the title of the newest of the three films.
Part of the algorithm has been replaced by the label L1.
RECORD Film
title : String
certificate : String
year : Integer
beingShown : Boolean
ENDRECORD
hulk ← Film('Hulk', '12A', 2005, False)
ironMan ← Film('Iron Man', '12A', 2008, False)
antMan ← Film('Ant-Man', '12A', 2015, False)
filmCollection ← [antMan, hulk, ironMan]
year ← 0
position ← 0
FOR i ← 0 TO L1
IF filmCollection[i].year > year THEN
year ← filmCollection[i].year
position ← i
ENDIF
ENDFOR
OUTPUT filmCollection[position].title, ' is the
newest film'
Which assignment statement changes the year the film Hulk was made to 2003?
Identify one choice.
hulk.year ← 2003
filmCollection[0].year ← 2003
Film(year) ← 2003
hulk(year) ← 2003
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Identify one choice that shows the line number where selection is first used in the algorithm in Figure 1.
Figure 1
1 i ← USERINPUT
2 IF i MOD 2 = 0 THEN
3 OUTPUT i * i
4 ELSE
5 OUTPUT i
6 ENDIF
Line number 1
Line number 2
Line number 3
Line number 4
Identify one choice that shows the output from the algorithm in Figure 1 when the user input is 4
0
2
4
8
16
Identify one choice that shows the line number where assignment is first used in the algorithm in Figure 1.
Line number 1
Line number 2
Line number 3
Line number 4
Figure 2 shows an implementation of the algorithm in Figure 1 using the Python programming language.
Line numbers are included but are not part of the program.
Figure 2
1 i = int(input("Enter a number: "))
2 if i % 2 == 0:
3 print(i * i)
4 else:
5 print(i)
The program in Figure 2 needs to be changed so that it repeats five times using definite (count controlled) iteration.
Identify one choice next to the program that does this correctly.
for x in range(0, 5):
i = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if i % 2 == 0:
print(i * i)
else:
print(i)
for x in range(0, 6):
i = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if i % 2 == 0:
print(i * i)
else:
print(i)
x = 1
while x != 6:
i = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if i % 2 == 0:
print(i * i)
else:
print(i)
x = x + 1
x = 6
while x != 0:
i = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if i % 2 == 0:
print(i * i)
else:
print(i)
x = x – 1
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Figure 3
orderTotal ← USERINPUT
deliveryDistance ← USERINPUT
deliveryCost ← 0.0
messageOne ← "Minimum spend not met"
messageTwo ← "Delivery not possible"
IF deliveryDistance ≤ 5 AND orderTotal > 0.0 THEN
IF orderTotal > 50.0 THEN
deliveryCost ← 1.5
OUTPUT deliveryCost
ELSE IF orderTotal > 25.0 THEN
deliveryCost ← (orderTotal / 10) * 2
OUTPUT deliveryCost
ELSE
OUTPUT messageOne
ENDIF
ELSE
OUTPUT messageTwo
ENDIF
Using Figure 3, complete the table.
Input value of | Input value of | Output |
---|---|---|
55.5 | 2 | |
35.0 | 5 |
State how many possible values the result of the comparison deliveryDistance ≤ 5
could have in the algorithm shown in Figure 3.
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The two Python programs in Figure 5 output the value that is equivalent to adding box together the integers between 1 and an integer entered by the user.
For example, if the user entered the integer 5, both programs would output 15
Figure 5
Program A
print("Enter a number: ")
num = int(input())
total = 0
for i in range(1, num + 1):
total = total + i
print(total)
Program B
print("Enter a number: ")
num1 = int(input())
num2 = num1 + 1
num2 = num1 * num2
num2 = num2 // 2
print(num2)
Identify one choice to indicate which of the statements is true about the programs in Figure 5.
Both programs are equally efficient.
Program A is more efficient than Program B.
Program B is more efficient than Program A
Justify your answer for Question 10a
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Figure 9 shows a subroutine represented using pseudocode.
Figure 9
SUBROUTINE calculate(n)
a ← n
b ← 0
REPEAT
a ← a DIV 2
b ← b + 1
UNTIL a ≤ 1
OUTPUT b
ENDSUBROUTINE
The DIV
operator is used for integer division.
The identifier for the variable b in Figure 9 was not a good choice
State a better identifier for this variable that makes the algorithm easier to read and understand.
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A program is being developed in Python to simulate box a card game
Throughout the game each player always has 100 cards. Each card displays a number.
Players take it in turns to swap one of their cards with another random card from a set of cards until a player has a run of five numbers in sequence within their 100 cards.
Figure 14 shows part of the program that will get a player to enter the position of a card to swap.
Figure 14
position = int(input("Enter card position: "))
Extend the program in Figure 14. Your answer must be written in Python.
The program should keep getting the user to enter the card position until they enter a card position that is between 1 and 100 inclusive.
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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Figure 1
1 seconds ← 0
2 rest ← 50
3 REPEAT
4 bpm ← getBPM()
5 effort ← bpm – rest
6 IF effort ≤ 30 THEN
7 OUTPUT 'faster'
8 ELSE
9 IF effort ≤ 50 THEN
10 OUTPUT 'steady'
11 ELSE
12 OUTPUT 'slower'
13 ENDIF
14 ENDIF
15 wait(60)
16 seconds ← seconds + 60
17 UNTIL seconds > 200
State the line number where iteration is first used in the algorithm shown in Figure 1.
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The algorithm in Figure 2 has been developed to automate the quantity of dog box biscuits to put in a dog bowl at certain times of the day.
Line numbers are included but are not part of the algorithm.
Figure 2
1 time ← USERINPUT
2 IF time = 'breakfast' THEN
3 q ← 1
4 ELSE IF time = 'lunch' THEN
5 q ← 4
6 ELSE IF time = 'dinner' THEN
7 q ← 2
8 ELSE
9 OUTPUT 'time not recognised'
10 ENDIF
11 FOR n ← 1 TO q
12 IF n < 3 THEN
13 DISPENSE_BISCUIT('chewies')
14 ELSE
15 DISPENSE_BISCUIT('crunchy')
16 ENDIF
17 ENDFOR
Identify one choice which shows how many times the subroutine DISPENSE_BISCUIT
would be called if the user input is 'breakfast' in Figure 2.
1 subroutine call
2 subroutine calls
3 subroutine calls
4 subroutine calls
State how many times the subroutine DISPENSE_BISCUIT
will be called with the parameter 'chewies
' if the user input is 'lunch
' in Figure 2.
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A programmer has written a Python program that asks the user to input two integers and then output which of the two integers is the largest.
Complete the program below by filling in the gaps using the items in Figure 3. You will not need to use all the items in Figure 3.
Each item in Figure 3 should only be used once.
Figure 3
print num1 num2 output else: < > elif str float int |
num1 = int(input("Enter a number: "))
num2 = (input("Enter a second number: "))
if num1 > num2:
print("___________ is bigger.")
elif num1 ______________num2:
print("_____________ is bigger.")
________________
print("The numbers are equal.")
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Write a Python program that allows a taxi company to calculate how much a box taxi fare should be.
The program should:
allow the user to enter the journey distance in kilometres (no validation is required)
allow the user to enter the number of passengers (no validation is required)
calculate the taxi fare by
charging £2 for every passenger regardless of the distance
charging a further £1.50 for every kilometre regardless of how many passengers there are
output the final taxi fare.
You should use meaningful variable name(s), correct syntax and indentation in your answer.
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Write a Python program that inputs a password and checks if it is correct.
Your program should work as follows:
input a password and store it in a suitable variable
if the password entered is equal to secret
display the message Welcome
if the password entered is not equal to secret
display the message Not welcome
.
You should use meaningful variable name(s), correct syntax and indentation in your answer.
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A programmer has written the Python program in Figure 5 to add up the numbers between one and five.
Figure 5
total = 0
for number in range(1, 6):
total = total + number
print(total)
The program needs to be changed so that it also multiplies all of the numbers between one and five.
Identify one choice next to the program that will do what the programmer wants.
total = 0
product = 1
for number in range(1, 6):
total = total + number
product = total * number
print(total)
print(product)
total = 0
product = 1
for number in range(1, 6):
total = total + number
product = product * number
print(total)
print(product)
total = 0
product = 1
for number in range(1, 6):
total = total + number
product = product * total
print(total)
print(product)
total = 0
product = 1
for number in range(1, 6):
total = total + number
product = (total + product) * number
print(total)
print(product)
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A program has been written in Python to display all the odd integers between 1 and the largest odd number smaller than an integer entered by the user. The program is shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6
odd = 1
number = int(input("Enter an integer: "))
while odd != number:
print(odd)
odd = odd + 2
print("Finished!")
The program works correctly if the integer entered by the user is an odd, positive integer. For example, if 7 is entered the program correctly displays the values 1, 3 and 5
The program does not work correctly if an odd integer less than 1 is entered by the user. For example, when -7 is entered the program should display the values 1, -1, -3 and -5 but it does not do this.
Using Python only, change the program code inside the while loop so that it will work correctly for any odd integer entered by the user.
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Figure 2 shows an algorithm that uses integer division which has been represented using pseudocode.
Line numbers are included but are not part of the algorithm
Figure 2
1 again ← True
2 WHILE again = True
3 a ← USERINPUT
4 IF a > 0 THEN
5 counter ← 0
6 WHILE a > 0
7 a ← a DIV 3
8 counter ← counter + 1
9 ENDWHILE
10 ELSE
11 again ← False
12 ENDIF
13 OUTPUT a
14 ENDWHILE
Integer division is the number of times one integer divides into another, with the remainder ignored.
For example:
14 DIV 5 evaluates to 2
25 DIV 3 evaluates to 8
In the algorithm in Figure 2, what will be output when the user input is 10?
Identify one choice
0
1
2
4
In the algorithm in Figure 2, what is the largest possible value of the variable counter when the user input is 36?
Identify once choice
0
2
4
5
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Figure 8
RECORD Film
title : String
certificate : String
year : Integer
beingShown : Boolean
ENDRECORD
hulk ← Film('Hulk', '12A', 2005, False)
ironMan ← Film('Iron Man', '12A', 2008, False)
antMan ← Film('Ant-Man', '12A', 2015, False)
filmCollection ← [antMan, hulk, ironMan]
year ← 0
position ← 0
FOR i ← 0 TO ①
IF filmCollection[i].year > year THEN
year ← filmCollection[i].year
position ← i
ENDIF
ENDFOR
OUTPUT filmCollection[position].title, ' is the newest film'
What should the label ① in Figure 8 be replaced by?
Identify one choice.
3
LEN(filmCollection)
C LEN(filmCollection) – 1
Position
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Figure 13 shows an algorithm, represented using pseudocode, that should display box currency names in reverse alphabetical order, starting with yen.
There are errors in the logic of the algorithm.
Line numbers are included but are not part of the algorithm.
Figure 13
1 SUBROUTINE diffCurrencies(currencies)
2 currencies ← ['baht', 'dollar', 'euro', 'koruna', 'lira', 'rand','rupee', 'yen']
3 RETURN currencies[x]
4 ENDSUBROUTINE
5
6 FOR i ← 8 TO 0 STEP 1
7 OUTPUT(diffCurrencies(i))
8 ENDFOR
Rewrite line 1 and line 6 from Figure 13 to make the algorithm work as intended.
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Write a Python program to check if an email address has been entered correctly by a box user.
Your program must:
get the user to input an email address
get the user to input the email address a second time
output the message Match and output the email address if the email addresses entered are the same
output the message Do not match if the email addresses entered are not the same.
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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Write a Python program box that calculates the value of a bonus payment for an employee based on how many items they have sold and the number of years they have been employed.
The program should:
get the user to input the number of items sold
get the user to input the number of years employed
output the value of the bonus payment:
if the years of employment is less than or equal to 2 and the number of items sold is greater than 100, then the bonus will be the number of items sold multiplied by 2
if the years of employment is greater than 2, then the bonus will be the number of items sold multiplied by 10
otherwise, the bonus is 0
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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Explain why rest
could have been defined as a constant in the algorithm shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1
1 seconds ← 0
2 rest ← 50
3 REPEAT
4 bpm ← getBPM()
5 effort ← bpm – rest
6 IF effort ≤ 30 THEN
7 OUTPUT 'faster'
8 ELSE
9 IF effort ≤ 50 THEN
10 OUTPUT 'steady'
11 ELSE
12 OUTPUT 'slower'
13 ENDIF
14 ENDIF
15 wait(60)
16 seconds ← seconds + 60
17 UNTIL seconds > 200
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The algorithm in Figure 4 is a sorting algorithm
Array indexing starts at 0.
Line numbers are included but are not part of the algorithm.
Figure 4
1 arr ← [4, 1, 6]
2 swapsMade ← false
3 WHILE swapsMade = false
4 swapsMade ← true
5 i ← 0
6 WHILE i < 2
7 IF arr[i+1] < arr[i] THEN
8 t ← arr[i]
9 arr[i] ← arr[i+1]
10 arr[i+1] ← t
11 swapsMade ← false
12 ENDIF
13 i ← i + 1
14 ENDWHILE
15 ENDWHILE
The identifier swapsMade
is used in the algorithm shown in Figure 4.
Explain why this is a better choice than using the identifier s
.
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Write a Python program that calculates an estimate of the braking distance in box metres for a new model of go-kart that is travelling between 10 and 50 kilometres per hour (kph).
Your program should:
keep asking the user to enter a speed for the go-kart until they enter a speed that is between 10 and 50 (inclusive)
calculate the braking distance in metres by dividing the speed by 5
ask the user if the ground is wet (expect the user to enter yes if it is)
if the ground is wet, multiply the braking distance by 1.5
output the final calculated braking distance.
You should use meaningful variable name(s), correct syntax and indentation in your answer.
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A theme park charges £15 per person for a daily ticket. If there are six or more box people in a group, the group is given a £5 discount.
Write a Python program to calculate the total charge for a group of people visiting the theme park.
The program must:
get the user to enter the number of people in a group
calculate the total charge by:
charging £15 per person
reducing the total charge by £5 if there are six or more people
output the total charge.
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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Figure 12 shows a line of Python code that creates a list of fruit names.
Figure 12
fruits = ["banana", "apple", "orange", "pear", "grape", "pineapple"]
Extend the program in Figure 12. Your answer must be written in Python
The program should get the user to enter a word and perform a linear search on the list fruits to find if the word is in the list or not.
The program should:
ask the user what word they would like to find
output the message True if the word is found
output the message False if the word is not found.
You must write your own linear search routine and not use any built-in search function available in Python.
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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A programmer is writing a game. The game uses a 3 x 3 grid containing nine box squares.
Figure 14
In the game, a square on the grid is referred to by a letter and a number. For example, square C3 in Figure 14 contains an X.
Figure 15 shows part of a Python program that checks the grid reference entered by a player
The grid reference is valid if:
there are exactly two characters
the first character entered is A, B or C
the second character entered is 1, 2 or 3.
Figure 15
check = False
while check == False:
square = ""
while len(square) != 2:
square = input("Enter grid reference (eg C2): ")
square = square.upper()
The Python function upper()
converts letters into uppercase, e.g. b1 would be converted to B1
Extend the program from Figure 15 so it completes the other checks needed to make sure a valid grid reference is entered.
Your extended program must:
use the variable check
repeat the following steps until a valid grid reference is entered:
get the user to enter a grid reference
output an appropriate message if the grid reference entered is not valid.
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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There are 500 cards within the game in total. Each card is numbered from 1 to 250 and each number appears twice in the whole set of cards.
The player’s 100 cards are always stored in numerical order
When a player has a valid run of five cards within their 100 cards they have won the game.
A valid run:
consists of five cards
can start from any position in the player’s 100 cards
the second card’s value is one more than the first card’s value, the third card’s value is one more than the second card’s value, the fourth card’s value is one more than the third card’s value, and the fifth card’s value is one more than the fourth card’s value.
Below are examples of valid runs which means a player has won.
Write a Python program to check if a player has a valid run of five cards within their 100 cards.
When writing your program you should assume:
there is an array called cards that contains the values of the player’s 100 cards
cards[0]
will contain the value of the first card and cards[99] will contain the value of the last card
the values in cards are already stored in numerical order
there is a Boolean variable called gameWon
that has a value of False.
Your program should set gameWon
to True
if there is a valid run.
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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Each time a player answers a question correctly the ticket array is updated; if their answer is in the ticket array then it is replaced with an asterisk (*).
An example of the ticket array containing key terms and asterisks is shown in Figure 17.
Figure 17
Write a subroutine in Python called checkWinner
that will count the number of asterisks.
The subroutine should:
take the ticket array as a parameter
count the number of asterisks in the ticket array
output the word Bingo if there are nine asterisks in the array
output the total number of asterisks if there are fewer than nine asterisks in the array.
You must write your own count routine and not use any built-in count function that might be available in Python.
You should use indentation as appropriate, meaningful variable name(s) and Python syntax in your answer.
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