A student investigates the reaction between sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid.
Look at the diagram below. It shows the apparatus he uses.
- After a time he cannot see the cross because the liquid in the conical flask goes cloudy. The student measures the time taken until the cross cannot be seen.
- He does the experiment four times. For each experiment he uses a different concentration of sodium thiosulfate solution.
Which of the following must not be changed to do a fair test?
Concentration of sodium thiosulfate
Stop-clock or timer
Total volume of the reaction mixture
Volume of sodium thiosulfate added