An atom has no overall charge because there are the same number of:
☐ | A | Protons and neutrons | |
☐ | B | Protons and electrons | |
☐ | C | Neutrons and electrons | |
☐ | D | Protons, neutrons and electrons |
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An atom has no overall charge because there are the same number of:
☐ | A | Protons and neutrons | |
☐ | B | Protons and electrons | |
☐ | C | Neutrons and electrons | |
☐ | D | Protons, neutrons and electrons |
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This question is about some of the elements in groups 1 and 2 of the periodic table.
The atomic number of lithium is 3.
The mass number of a lithium atom is 7.
Which row of the table shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom of lithium-7?
Number of protons | Number of neutrons | Number of electons | |||
☐ | A | 3 | 3 | 4 | |
☐ | B | 3 | 4 | 3 | |
☐ | C | 4 | 3 | 7 | |
☐ | D | 7 | 4 | 3 |
Lithium, sodium and potassium are in group 1 of the periodic table.
State, in terms of the electrons in their atoms, what the atoms of lithium, sodium and potassium have in common.
Magnesium has atomic number 12.
Magnesium exists as magnesium-24, magnesium-25 and magnesium-26 atoms.
Explain, in terms of protons and neutrons, why these atoms are isotopes of magnesium.
Magnesium and calcium are in group 2 of the periodic table. They are less reactive than the metals in group 1.
Calcium reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, and hydrogen, H2.
Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g)
Describe what would be seen when a piece of calcium is dropped into a container of water.
Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water but it reacts faster with steam, H2O, to form magnesium oxide, MgO, and hydrogen.
Write the balanced equation for the reaction between magnesium and steam.
The electronic configurations of magnesium and calcium are
magnesium 2.8.2
calcium 2.8.8.2
When magnesium and calcium react with water they form positive ions.
Suggest an explanation, in terms of their electronic configurations, why calcium is more reactive than magnesium.
A sample of calcium bromide contains 0.2 g calcium and 0.8 g bromine by mass.
Calculate the empirical formula of calcium bromide.
(relative atomic masses: Ca = 40, Br = 80)
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Which statement best describes the structure of an atom?
☐ | A | A nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons | |
☐ | B | A nucleus containing protons and electrons, surrounded by neutrons | |
☐ | C | A nucleus containing electrons and neutrons, surrounded by protons | |
☐ | D | A nucleus containing protons, surrounded by neutrons and electrons |
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An atom of potassium has atomic number 19 and mass number 39.
number of protons | number of neutrons | |||
☐ | A | 19 | 19 | |
☐ | B | 19 | 20 | |
☐ | C | 20 | 19 | |
☐ | D | 20 | 20 |
Potassium and caesium are in the same group of the periodic table.
Explain, in terms of electrons, why potassium and caesium are in the same group.
Fluorine boils at –188 °C.
There are forces between fluorine molecules.
Explain, in terms of these forces, why the boiling point of fluorine is low.
Potassium reacts with fluorine to form potassium fluoride.
Potassium fluoride is a solid.
Complete the balanced equation for this reaction and add the state symbols.
.................K (...........) + F2 (g) → .................KF (...........)
What are the elements in group 1 of the periodic table called?
☐ | A | alkali metals | |
☐ | B | fullerenes | |
☐ | C | halogens | |
☐ | D | noble gases |
Figure 14 shows the melting points and boiling points of elements in group 7 of the periodic table.
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Element Cu has two isotopes. Their mass numbers are 63 and 65.
Estimate the relative atomic mass of element Cu.
☐ | A | Below 63 | |
☐ | B | Between 63.5 and 64 | |
☐ | C | Between 64 and 64.5 | |
☐ | D | Above 64.5 |
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