GCSEChemistryOCR GatewayExam Questions6. Global Challenges6.3 Interpreting & Interacting with Earth Systems

Interpreting & Interacting with Earth Systems (OCR Gateway GCSE Chemistry)

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6.3 Interpreting & Interacting with Earth Systems

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6.3 Interpreting & Interacting with Earth Systems

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11 mark

What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in the current atmosphere? 

  • 4%

  • 21%

  • 55%

  • 78%

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21 mark

Which type of water is potable water?

  • Groundwater

  • Seawater

  • Tap water

  • Waste water

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31 mark

How was the Earth’s early atmosphere formed?

  • Animals breathing

  • Global warming

  • Plants growing

  • Volcanic activity

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41 mark

What is the major source of carbon monoxide in the Earth’s atmosphere?

  • Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and wood.

  • Production in a nuclear power station.

  • The combustion of impurities in coal.

  • The combustion of impurities in natural gas.

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51 mark

Which gas was the most abundant in the Earth’s early atmosphere?

  • Argon

  • Carbon dioxide

  • Nitrogen

  • Oxygen

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61 mark

Tap water is treated to make it safe to drink.

Which substance is added to the tap water to kill bacteria and microbes?

  • Aluminium sulfate

  • Carbon dioxide

  • Chlorine

  • Iodine

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71 mark

What was the main gas in the Earth’s early atmosphere?

  • Ammonia

  • Carbon dioxide

  • Nitrogen

  • Oxygen

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11 mark

The Earth's atmosphere has evolved over the past 4.6 billion years. 

Which option correctly shows what has happened to the proportion of each gas during this time period?

  Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon dioxide Water vapour
A increased decreased decreased decreased
B increased increased decreased decreased
C decreased increased increased increased
D increased decreased increased increased

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    21 mark

    Green plants undergo photosynthesis. 

    Which numbers correctly balance the symbol equation for photosynthesis? 

     __ CO2  +  __ H2O       →    __ C6H12O6   +   __ O2

    • 6, 6, 1, 2

    • 6, 12, 2, 6

    • 6, 3, 1, 3

    • 6, 6, 1, 6

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    31 mark

    Global climate change has serious consequences on the environment. 

    Which of the following shows an incorrect effect of global climate change?

      Effect 1  Effect 2
    A sea levels rising storms
    B coastal erosion global dimming
    C flooding ice caps melting
    D destruction of habitats  droughts 

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      41 mark

      There are many steps involved to produce potable water.

      Which of the answers below is the incorrect reason for the treatment being carried out?

        Treatment Explanation
      A filtration to remove dissolved solids
      B desalination to remove salt
      C reverse osmosis to remove salt
      B sterilisation to kill bacteria 

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        51 mark

        There are certain measures that can be taken to reduce a carbon footprint. 

        One of these is called carbon capture. 

        Which statement best describes carbon capture? 

        • Using wind turbines instead of fossil fuels as an energy source

        • Charging companies or individuals based on the amounts of greenhouse gases they emit 

        • Storing carbon dioxide underground that has been released from burning fossil fuels 

        • Reduce the amount of waste sent to landfill 

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        61 mark

        Human activities are contributing to the enhanced greenhouse effect. 

        Which two human activities contribute to the release of methane?

        • Deforestation and farming

        • Burning fossil fuels and deforestation 

        • Farming and sending rubbish to landfill

        • Sending rubbish to landfill and deforestation

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        71 mark

        Pollutants released from burning fuels can negatively affect health and the environment.

        Which of the following is not the correct effect for the given pollutant?

          Pollutant  Effect
        A carbon dioxide global warming
        B sulfur dioxide acid rain
        C oxides of nitrogen respiratory problems
        D particulates poisonous

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          81 mark

          Incomplete combustion occurs when there is insufficient oxygen for a reaction.

          Which are the two main substances formed during incomplete combustion, aside from water?

          • Particulates and carbon monoxide 

          • Soot and sulfur dioxide 

          • Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide 

          • Oxides of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide 

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          91 mark

          The greenhouse effect allows the Earth to stay warm enough to support life. 

          Which statement describing the greenhouse effect is true?

          • Infrared radiation is transferred from the sun to the earth's atmosphere 

          • Infrared radiation emitted by the earth's surface is all absorbed by greenhouse gases 

          • Infrared radiation emitted by the earth's surface is absorbed and re-emitted by greenhouse gases

          • All wavelengths of radiation are reflected back by the Earth and absorbed by greenhouse gases 

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          101 mark

          Look at the following sentences.

          They describe one possible theory for how the Earth’s atmosphere evolved.

          The sentences are not in the correct order.

          What is the correct order for the sentences?

          q14-paper-2-june-2018-ocr-gcse-chem

          • 2, 4, 3, 5, 1

          • 2, 5, 4, 3, 1

          • 5, 2, 3, 4, 1

          • 5, 2, 4, 3, 1

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          11
          Sme Calculator          1 mark

          The table shows the composition of the Earth’s early atmosphere compared with the atmosphere today.

            Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Carbon dioxide
          Percentage of gas in the early atmosphere 4 0.5 0.5 95
          Percentage of gas in the atmosphere today 78 21 0.9 0.04

          Which gas has changed by the largest percentage from the early atmosphere to the atmosphere today?

          • Nitrogen

          • Oxygen

          • Argon

          • Carbon dioxide

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          121 mark

          Which of these pairs of gases are both greenhouse gases?

          • Nitrogen and methane

          • Nitrogen and oxygen

          • Water vapour and methane

          • Water vapour and oxygen

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          131 mark

          The following statements describe one possible theory for how the Earth’s atmosphere evolved.

          The statements are not in the correct order.

          q5-paper-4-june-2018-ocr-gcse-chem

          What is the correct order for the sentences?

          • 3, 5, 4, 6, 1, 2

          • 3, 6, 5, 4, 1, 2

          • 6, 1, 3, 5, 4, 2

          • 6, 3, 1, 5, 4, 2

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          141 mark

          These statements explain how scientists think our modern-day atmosphere was formed.

          1
          Plants evolved and used carbon dioxide during photosynthesis to make oxygen.
          2
          As the Earth cooled down, water fell as rain resulting in the formation of the oceans.
          3
          The atmosphere today consists of nitrogen, oxygen and a small amount of carbon dioxide.
          4
          Volcanoes gave out ammonia and carbon dioxide as well as methane and water vapour.
          5
          Ammonia was changed by bacteria in the soil into nitrogen gas.

          What is the correct order that these events happened?

          • 1, 4, 2, 5, 3

          • 2, 4, 5, 3, 1

          • 4, 1, 5, 2, 3

          • 4, 2, 5, 1, 3

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          151 mark

          Which statement about the greenhouse effect and greenhouse gases is correct?

          • Greenhouse gases absorb all the infrared radiation that is emitted by the Earth’s surface.

          • The greenhouse effect is caused by the infrared radiation being absorbed and re-emitted by greenhouse gases.

          • The lower the concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, the warmer the Earth becomes.

          • Greenhouse gases are a large percentage of the Earth’s current atmosphere.

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          11 mark

          Which row in the table shows three greenhouse gases?

          A argon  carbon dioxide  nitrogen
          B carbon dioxide  methane  water vapour
          C hydrogen  methane  water vapour
          D carbon dioxide  nitrogen  water vapour

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            21 mark

            Which statement about the greenhouse effect is correct?

            • Greenhouse gases absorb all the infrared radiation that is emitted by the Earth’s surface.

            • Greenhouse gases make up a large percentage of the Earth’s current atmosphere.

            • The greenhouse effect is caused by the absorption and reflection of infrared radiation by
              greenhouse gases.

            • The higher the concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, the colder the
              Earth is likely to become.

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