Look at the displayed formula of an organic compound.
What is the name of this compound?
Butanoic acid
Butanol
Propanoic acid
Propanol
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Look at the displayed formula of an organic compound.
What is the name of this compound?
Butanoic acid
Butanol
Propanoic acid
Propanol
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DNA is a condensation polymer made from monomers called nucleotides.
How many different nucleotides are used to make DNA molecules?
2
3
4
5
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What is the name of the process that converts large alkane molecules into smaller alkane molecules?
Cracking
Fractional distillation
Hydrogenation
Polymerisation
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Which displayed formula shows an alkene?
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A student bubbles ethene gas into bromine water.
What is observed?
Colour change from blue to colourless
Colour change from colourless to orange
Colour change from orange to colourless
Orange precipitate is made
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Heptane is an alkane with seven carbons.
What is the chemical formula of heptane?
C7H10
C7H12
C7H14
C7H16
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The complete combustion of pentane, C5H12, takes place in the following unbalanced equation:
_C5H12 + _O2 → _CO2 + _H2O
What numbers will balance the reaction?
1,4,5,3
1,8,5,6
2,8,5,6
2,4,5,6
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Which of the following molecules is an alkene?
C6H10
C4H10
C5H10
C6H14
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The following molecule can undergo addition polymerisation.
What it the correct repeat unit?.
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Polyesters can be made by condensation polymerisation. Ethanediol can react with butanedioic acid (a carboxylic acid containing two -COOH groups) to make a polymer.
Which of the following is a correct repeat unit for this polymer?
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Which of the following is not true about DNA?
The structure is a double helix
DNA is made from nucleotides
DNA is made from two polymer chains
The monomers that form DNA are amino acids
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The structure of a polymer is shown below.
What is the correct monomer?
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Hydrogen fuel cells can be used to power trains.
Why could people refer to the hydrogen fuel cell trains as the 'new' steam trains?
The hydrogen used is extracted from fossil fuels
The hydrogen fuel cell trains are slower than diesel trains
The reaction produces water that can be released as steam
The reaction in the fuel cell is a combustion reaction
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Hydrogen fuel cells are often used instead of rechargeable batteries in spacecraft.
Which of the following is not an advantage of using hydrogen fuel cells in spacecraft?
Water is the only product made in the reaction
The fuel cells have no moving parts so are easy to maintain
Hydrogen and oxygen are easily made by electrolysis of water
Hydrogen fuel cells are cheap
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Which molecule can be cracked to produce hexane, C6H14?
C4H8
C4H10
C6H12
C10H22
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Which of the following shows the product of the reaction between propene and bromine?
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Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
Crude oil is separated into useful fractions.
Which of these mixtures of substances could be in a fraction from crude oil?
C2H4, C4H10, C4H10O
C2H4, C2H3Br, C4H10
C2H6, C3H8, C4H10
C2H6, C2H3Br, C4H10O
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What happens to the potential difference of a chemical cell once the reactants are used up?
It decreases
It increases
It starts and finishes at 0 V
It stays the same
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Crude oil is separated into useful fractions by fractional distillation.
The diagram shows the useful fractions made in fractional distillation.
Which of these fractions has the weakest intermolecular forces?
Bitumen
Diesel oil
Gases
Petrol
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Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation.
Look at the diagram of the fractions made in fractional distillation.
Which of these fractions has the lowest boiling point?
Bitumen
Diesel oil
Gases
Petrol
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What type of reaction takes place between an alkene and hydrogen?
Addition
Dehydration
Neutralisation
Thermal decomposition
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DNA molecules are polymers.
What is the name of the monomers that make up DNA molecules?
Amino acids
Carbohydrates
Nucleotides
Proteins
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Which of the following are the first four members of the homologous series of alcohols?
CH4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10
CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH, C4H9OH
HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, C3H7COOH
C2H4, C3H6, C4H8, C5H10
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Look at the displayed formula of the monomer butene.
What is the formula of the polymer formed from butene?
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DNA molecules are polymers.
What are the monomers that make up DNA called?
Carbohydrates
Nucleotides
Phosphates
Proteins
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Ethene, C2H4, reacts with bromine, Br2, in an addition reaction.
Which is the balanced symbol equation for this reaction?
C2H4 + Br2 → C2H3Br + HBr
C2H4 + Br2 → C2H4Br2
C2H4 + 2Br2 → C2Br4 + 2H2
C2H4 + 2Br2 → C2H4Br4
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The bar chart shows the amount of some fractions made from 100 tonnes of crude oil by fractional distillation.
It also shows the amount of each fraction needed for everyday uses.
Cracking converts large molecules into smaller more useful molecules to make the supply match the demand.
Which fractions are most likely to be cracked to make the supply match the demand?
Gas oil and fuel oil
Gas oil and petrol
Naphtha, paraffin and fuel oil
Petrol and gases
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What is the formula of the product in this equation?
C2H2Br
C3Br4
C2H3Br
C2H4Br2
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Which displayed formula includes the functional group of an alcohol?
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What is the general formula of the fractions produced by the fractional distillation of crude oil?
CnH2n
CnH2n+2
C2H2n+1OH
C2n+2H2
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Which displayed formula shows butanol?
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Look at the equations for the reactions that happen at each side of a hydrogen‑oxygen fuel cell.
Reaction 1: 2H2 (g) → 4H+ (aq) + 4e–
Reaction 2: 4H+ (aq) + O2 (g) + 4e– → 2H2O (g)
Reaction 1 | Reaction 2 | |
A | Oxidation because electrons are gained | Reduction because electrons are lost |
B | Reduction because electrons are gained | Reduction because electrons are gained |
C | Oxidation because electrons are lost | Reduction because electrons are gained |
D | Oxidation because electrons are lost | Oxidation because electrons are lost |
Which row of the table, A, B, C or D, is correct about reactions 1 and 2?
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A hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell produces electricity.
Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water.
What is the equation for the reaction that happens at the anode?
2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (g)
4H+ (aq) + 4e- → 2H2 (g)
2H2 (g) → 4H+ (aq) + 4e-
4H+ (aq) + O2 (g) + 4e- → 2H2O (g)
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Which pairs of molecules would react to form a polyester?
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A student reacts a hydrocarbon with bromine water.
The formula of the product is C3H6Br2.
Which is the displayed formula of the hydrocarbon?
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A student bubbles ethene gas into bromine water.
Which displayed formula shows the product of this reaction?
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Which of these homologous series can react together to form addition polymers?
Alcohols and carboxylic acids
Alkenes only
Alkenes and alkanes
Carboxylic acids only
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A student heats compound X with acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution.
The product of the reaction is compound Y.
What is the colour change seen during this reaction?
Colourless to orange
Colourless to purple
Orange to colourless
Purple to colourless
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What is the formula of the functional group in alcohols?
−CH3
−COOH
−CO2
−OH
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A condensation polymer is made from two monomers.
Which term describes the polymer?
DNA
polyamide
poly(chloroethene)
polyester
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Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation.
Look at the diagram of the fractions made in fractional distillation
Which of these fractions has the strongest intermolecular forces?
Bitumen
Diesel oil
Gases
Kerosene
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Look at the structure of glycine.
Glycine is a monomer that reacts to form proteins.
Glycine contains two different functional groups that allow it to undergo polymerisation.
What are the two functional groups?
−NH2 and −C=O
−NH2 and −CH2−
−NH2 and −OH
−NH2 and −COOH
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Which statement explains why polyamides are condensation polymers?
A molecule of water forms each time a hydroxyl link forms.
A molecule of water forms each time an ester link forms.
A molecule of water forms each time an amine group reacts with a carboxylic acid group.
A molecule of water forms each time an alcohol group reacts with a carboxylic acid group.
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