Ionic Bonding | Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Exam Questions 2018

1a1 mark

This question is about lithium and chlorine.

Which group of the periodic table is chlorine in?

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1b4 marks

Lithium reacts with chlorine to produce lithium chloride.

lithium + chlorine lithium chloride

The diagram in Figure 1 shows how the reaction happens.

Only the outer electrons are shown.

Figure 1

Use the words in the boxes to complete the sentences:

gaining

sharing

positive

group 1

negative

covalent

losing

group 0

electrostatic

neutral

A lithium atom becomes an ion by ............................................... one electron.

A lithium ion has a ............................................... charge.

The lithium ion now has the electronic structure of a ............................................... element.

The ions in lithium chloride are held together by strong ............................................... forces.

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1c2 marks

Why do lithium and chlorine react in this way?

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1d1 mark

Magnesium and bromine will form an ionic compound, like lithium and chlorine.

What is the formula of the ionic compound formed from magnesium and bromine?

Tick (✓) one box.

MgBr
MgBr₂
Mg₂Br

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☐	A	Mg²⁺contains 12 protons and 14 electrons
☐	B	Mg²⁺contains 12 protons and 10 electrons
☐	C	Mg²⁺contains 10 protons and 12 electrons
☐	D	Mg²⁺contains 14 protons and 10 electrons

Oxygen loses two electrons to form ions with a +2 charge
Magnesium loses two electrons to form ions with a +2 charge
Magnesium gains two electrons to form an ion with a -2 charge
Oxygen gains two electrons to form ions with a a -2 charge

☐	A	MgCl₂
☐	B	MgCl
☐	C	Mg₂Cl
☐	D	MgCl₃

☐	A	A sodium atom gains one electron
☐	B	A sodium ion gains one electron
☐	C	A sodium atom loses one electron
☐	D	A sodium ion loses one electron

☐	A	NaCl₂
☐	B	NaCl
☐	C	Na₂Cl
☐	D	NaCl₃

Positively charged and negatively charged ions are arranged in a regular, repeating arrangement
Positively charged and negatively charged ions have strong electrostatic forces of attraction between them
Positively charged and negatively charged atoms have strong electrostatic forces of attraction between them

Sodium chloride has strong covalent bonds
Sodium chloride has giant structure
Sodium chloride has strong forces of electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Sodium chloride has strong forces of electromagnetic attraction between oppositely charged ions

☐	A	Magnesium atoms gain 2 electrons and lithium atoms gain 1 electron
☐	B	Magnesium atoms lose 2 electrons and lithium atoms lose 1 electron
☐	C	Magnesium atoms lose 1 electron and lithium atoms lose 2 electrons
☐	D	Both atoms lose 2 electrons each

☐	A	Lithium bromate
☐	B	Lithium bromide
☐	C	Lithium bromine
☐	D	Lithium brominide

☐	A	Fluorine gains 1 electron and chlorine loses 1 electron
☐	B	Fluorine loses 1 electron and chlorine gains 1 electron
☐	C	They both lose 1 electron
☐	D	They both gain 1 electron

☐	A	Calcium fluorate
☐	B	Calcium carbonate
☐	C	Calcium fluoride
☐	D	Calcium fluorine

☐	A	Group 2 elements lose 1 electron to form ions with +1 charge
☐	B	Group 2 elements lose 2 electrons to form ions with +2 charge
☐	C	Group 2 elements lose 2 electrons to form ions with -2 charge
☐	D	Group 2 elements lose 1 electron to form ions with -1 charge

		K⁺	Cl^-
☐	A	2.8.8.2	2.8.7
☐	B	2.8.8.2	2.8.8
☐	C	2.8.8	2.8.7
☐	D	2.8.8	2.8.8

		protons	neutrons	electrons
☐	A	13	14	13
☐	B	13	14	10
☐	C	14	13	10
☐	D	14	13	17

	particle	electrons	neutrons	protons
☐	A	6	6	6
☐	B	10	12	11
☐	C	10	14	13
☐	D	18	20	17

☐	A	LiBr₂
☐	B	LiBr
☐	C	Li₂Br
☐	D	LiBr₃

☐	A	CaF₂
☐	B	CaF
☐	C	Ca₂F
☐	D	CaF₃

	electron configuration
sodium	2.8.1
chlorine	2.8.7

☐	A	There is a regular arrangement of ions in the lattice
☐	B	The layers of ions slide over each other easily in the lattice
☐	C	The ions are arranged with alternating anions and cations
☐	D	Strong electrostatic forces of attraction occur between oppositely charged ions

☐	A	lithium sulfide
☐	B	calcium carbonate
☐	C	carbon dioxide
☐	D	magnesium oxide

Ionic Bonding (Edexcel GCSE Chemistry)

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