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What is the symbol equation for the production of ammonia that takes place in the Haber process?
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What is the symbol equation for the production of ammonia that takes place in the Haber process?
The equation for the production of ammonia that takes place in the Haber process is:
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g)
True or False?
The formation of ammonia is exothermic.
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g)
True.
The formation of ammonia is exothermic.
True or False?
A catalyst affects the position of equilibrium.
False.
A catalyst does not affect the position of equilibrium, only the rate at which it is reached.
What is the effect of a higher pressure on reaching equilibrium?
A higher pressure would increase the rate at which equilibrium is reached, as there are more successful collisions.
What is the effect of a higher temperature on reaching equilibrium?
A higher temperature would increase the rate at which equilibrium is reached, as the particles have greater kinetic energy.
True or False?
Cooling an exothermic reaction results in the equilibrium shifting in the exothermic direction.
True.
Cooling an exothermic reaction results in the equilibrium shifting in the exothermic direction to produce more heat and raise the temperature.
What catalyst is used in the Haber process?
Iron is used as a catalyst in the Haber process
Why are the conditions used in the Haber process described as a compromise?
The conditions used in the Haber process are described as a compromise as, they are not ideal in terms of yield, but provide a balance between product yield, reaction rate, and production cost.
State the sources of nitrogen and hydrogen used in the Haber process.
Nitrogen and hydrogen are extracted from:
Nitrogen - from the air
Hydrogen- from natural gas
What is the effect of increasing pressure on equilibrium?
Increasing pressure results in the equilibrium shifting to the side with the fewer gas molecules to decrease the gas pressure.
What is a fertiliser?
A fertiliser is a compound containing nutrients that is applied to soil or plants to promote growth and increase crop yields.
What are the three essential elements in fertilisers?
The three essential elements in fertilisers are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
What is the formula of the ammonium ion?
The ammonium ion is NH4+.
What is the role of nitrate ions in fertilisers?
Nitrate ions (NO3-) are a source of soluble nitrogen in fertilisers.
State the formula of the phosphate ion.
The formula of the phosphate ion is PO43-.
True or False?
Potassium compounds are insoluble in water.
False.
Most common potassium compounds dissolve in water to produce potassium ions (K+), which are a component of fertilisers.
Give the balanced symbol equation to produce ammonium nitrate from ammonia and nitric acid.
The balanced symbol equation is:
NH3 (aq) + HNO3 (aq) → NH4NO3 (aq)
Why do plants require nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus?
Plants require nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus because:
Nitrogen promotes healthy leaves,
Potassium promotes growth, healthy fruit and flowers
Phosphorus promotes healthy roots
What industrial process produces ammonia?
The Haber process produces ammonia industrially.
What acid is sprayed into a chamber of ammonia gas to form ammonium sulfate?
Sulfuric acid is sprayed into a chamber of ammonia gas to form ammonium sulfate.
List the steps used in a laboratory to form ammonium sulfate.
The steps used in the laboratory to form ammonium sulfate are:
Titrate ammonia and sulfuric acid
Repeat without an indicator
Pour into an evaporating dish and heat
Leave in an oven / warm place to dry and crystalise