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State what is meant by the term combustion.
Combustion is the process of burning a substance in oxygen.
Describe how soot (carbon particles) are formed.
Soot (carbon particles) are formed during the incomplete combustion of a fuel.
True or False?
Oxides of nitrogen are formed when nitrogen impurities in a fuel react with oxygen.
False.
Oxides of nitrogen are formed when nitrogen from the air reacts at high temperatures with oxygen in a car engine.
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State what is meant by the term combustion.
Combustion is the process of burning a substance in oxygen.
Describe how soot (carbon particles) are formed.
Soot (carbon particles) are formed during the incomplete combustion of a fuel.
True or False?
Oxides of nitrogen are formed when nitrogen impurities in a fuel react with oxygen.
False.
Oxides of nitrogen are formed when nitrogen from the air reacts at high temperatures with oxygen in a car engine.
Describe how sulfur dioxide is produced when burning a fuel.
Sulfur dioxide is produced when sulfur impurities react with oxygen during combustion.
What is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion?
During complete combustion there is an excess amount of oxygen for the fuel to burn in resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and water. In incomplete combustion, there is a limited supply of oxygen so carbon monoxide and / or carbon particles and water are produced.
True or False?
Unburnt hydrocarbons are produced by incomplete combustion.
True.
Unburnt hydrocarbons are produced by incomplete combustion.
Name the products produced if a fuel containing carbon, hydrogen and sulfur undergoes combustion.
The products produced if a fuel containing carbon, hydrogen and sulfur undergoes complete combustion are carbon dioxide, water and sufur dioxide.
Describe how oxides of nitrogen are formed in car engines.
Oxides of nitrogen are formed in car engines because nitrogen and oxygen from the air react at high temperatures.
True or False?
Incomplete combustion produces carbon monoxide only.
False.
Incomplete combustion produces either carbon monoxide and / or carbon particles (soot) as well as water.
True or False?
The combustion of fuels is a major source of atmospheric pollutants.
True.
The combustion of fuels is a major source of atmospheric pollutants.
Give the formula of carbon monoxide.
The formula of carbon monoxide is CO.
What problem is caused by having increased amounts of sulfur dioxide in the air?
The problem caused by having increased amounts of sulfur dioxide in the air is it causes:
Acid rain
Respiratory problems
What problem is caused by having increased amounts of particulates in the air?
The problem caused by having increased amounts of particulates in the air are it causes:
Global dimming
Health problems
True or False?
Carbon dioxide is a toxic gas.
False.
Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas
Why is carbon monoxide hard to detect?
Carbon monoxide is hard to detect because it is colourless and odourless.
What problem is caused by having increased amounts of carbon dioxide in the air?
The problem caused by having increased amounts of carbon dioxide in the air is it causes global warming.
True or False?
Oxides of nitrogen cause acid rain and respiratory problems.
True.
Oxides of nitrogen cause acid rain and respiratory problems.
Give two effects of acid rain.
Effects of acid rain include:
Corrosion of limestone
Damage to aquatic life
Pollution of water supplies
Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?
Carbon monoxide is dangerous because it is poisonous / toxic / causes death.