Spotting a Business Opportunity (Edexcel GCSE Business)

Exam Questions

2 hours27 questions
11 mark

Case Study

Last Course Patisserie Ltd is a small private limited company based in Devon which produces hand-made desserts and puddings. The business was established in 1986. Its owners previously worked in the food industry but felt they could offer better value for money to customers. All of the desserts are made fresh to order which has provided Last Course Patisserie with a reputation for being flexible when meeting customer needs.

Getting the best ingredients for the desserts is a vital part of the business. Last Course Patisserie found excellent suppliers of free range eggs and dairy products close to its business location. This means all ingredients could be delivered quickly when needed.

Last Course Patisserie has recently employed a new head chef from Switzerland who has introduced a new range of products to the menu. This has proved to be very popular with customers and the business now struggles to keep up with demand. Last Course Patisserie is receiving increased orders for desserts but, due to the size of its business premises, struggles to meet this increase in demand. The owners have decided that it is the right time for Last Course Patisserie to expand and possibly relocate to new premises.

The new head chef carried out secondary market research to identify information about the food market.

State one benefit to Last Course Patisserie of conducting secondary market research.

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21 mark

Case Study

Aphrodite is a clothes shop that was formed in 1994 by two brothers, Andrew and Duncan McKenzie. They opened the shop because they had a lifelong enthusiasm for new fashion.

Andrew and Duncan visit Paris, Milan and London each year to buy their stock. They aim to buy well-known brands, such as Stone Island and Hugo Boss, and to also stock clothes from new designers. This range of stock helps provide them with an advantage over their competition.

Customer service has always been an important part of Aphrodite’s success. A polite and friendly attitude greets all customers on arrival at the shop. In 2007 the business launched its website, which sells its range of clothing using e-commerce. The owners looked to maintain existing high standards of service for customers using their website.

A new opportunity was created when the shop premises next to Aphrodite became available to buy. Andrew and Duncan are considering buying the shop in order to convert the two shops into one large premises. They have calculated that this will cost them £250 000 but are undecided on the best way to finance this.

Figure 2 shows information about interest rates that might help them when making their decision.

Line graph showing UK interest rate drop from 5.00% in Jan 2008 to 0.50% in Jan 2009, then falling to 0.25% by mid-2009 and remaining steady until Jan 2016.

Figure 2

State one way Aphrodite could use social media.

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32 marks

Case Study

Aphrodite is a clothes shop that was formed in 1994 by two brothers, Andrew and Duncan McKenzie. They opened the shop because they had a lifelong enthusiasm for new fashion.

Andrew and Duncan visit Paris, Milan and London each year to buy their stock. They aim to buy well-known brands, such as Stone Island and Hugo Boss, and to also stock clothes from new designers. This range of stock helps provide them with an advantage over their competition.

Customer service has always been an important part of Aphrodite’s success. A polite and friendly attitude greets all customers on arrival at the shop. In 2007 the business launched its website, which sells its range of clothing using e-commerce. The owners looked to maintain existing high standards of service for customers using their website.

A new opportunity was created when the shop premises next to Aphrodite became available to buy. Andrew and Duncan are considering buying the shop in order to convert the two shops into one large premises. They have calculated that this will cost them £250 000 but are undecided on the best way to finance this.

Figure 2 shows information about interest rates that might help them when making their decision.

Line graph showing UK interest rates from 2008 to 2016. Rates drop from 5.00% in 2008 to 0.50% in 2009, then to 0.25% from 2010 to 2016.

Figure 2

Outline one reason why Aphrodite’s range of stock could give it an advantage over its competitors.

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42 marks

Which two of the following are examples of secondary market research?

Select two answers.

  • Focus group

  • Internet

  • Market report

  • Observation

  • Survey

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51 mark

Case Study

On Your Bike is a family owned business that first opened in London in 1983. Its customers include children buying their first bikes and scooters, through to experienced enthusiasts in road cycling and mountain biking.

The business offers a wide range of bikes, many imported from abroad. These include high quality brands such as Brompton, Cannondale and Ridgeback. It also stocks a wide range of clothing and helmets including brands such as Endura and Altura.

On Your Bike has large workshop facilities in its shop where qualified mechanics maintain and repair all makes of bike. All mechanics go on regular training courses to ensure they keep their skills and knowledge up to date with the latest cycling technology. This allows On Your Bike to offer exceptional customer service and advice.

The cycling market has grown over recent years. Market research has shown that an increasing number of tourists like to rent bikes when on holiday. In response to this, On Your Bike operates one of the largest bike rental services in London. Bikes can be hired by the day or week with a choice including road and electric bikes.

Figure 2 shows a customer review from a comparison website.

5-star customer review from Sydney, Australia: "Great Service!!! Great customer service, particularly from Miles. They have a great range of bikes for hire too!" Reviewed 28 February 2019.

Figure 2

State one market segment that On Your Bike has targeted.

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61 mark

Which one of the following could be used to identify customer needs?

Select one answer.

(1)

  • Business idea

  • Business objectives

  • Market research

  • Marketing mix

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72 marks

Case Study

Sports Tours Ltd was established in 1989 and is one of the leading online specialist sports tour operators in the United Kingdom. It arranges tours for teams to destinations in the United Kingdom and Europe in sports such as football, rugby, hockey and netball. The business not only organises travel, accommodation and meals, but it also arranges games and entry to tournaments for the sports team whilst on tour.

Sports Tours Ltd has very high standards. It carries out full risk assessments for all tours including possible pre-tour inspection visits. Tours are licensed and authorised through official agencies. All tours have regular contact with a member of staff from Sports Tours Ltd.

In recent years the business has faced increasing competition. This is not only from other sports tour operators but also from teams organising their own tours. Changing levels of consumer income and exchange rates have also had an impact on demand for tours by sports teams.

Sports Tours Ltd are confident that the high level of service they offer will help them to remain competitive. However, it is always looking for more ways to add value to its business activities.

Outline one way that Sports Tours Ltd meets customer needs.

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81 mark

Which one of the following is a reason why customer service is important to small business success?

  • Customers will buy a product when they see advertisements

  • A small business needs to encourage repeat purchases

  • It has to meet legal requirements

  • Customers will only buy products at the lowest price

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91 mark

Which one of the following is an advantage of secondary market research?

  • Less time-consuming

  • Direct customer contact

  • Specific to business needs

  • Effective at collecting qualitative data

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101 mark

State one method of collecting qualitative market research.

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112 marks

Outline one limitation of market segmentation.

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122 marks

Outline one way a book shop could differentiate itself from online competition.

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13 marks

Explain one way a small business could use market segmentation to target customers.

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23 marks

Explain one disadvantage to a small business of using qualitative data for market research.

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33 marks

Explain one benefit to a small business of understanding customer needs.

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43 marks

Explain one advantage to a small business of using market mapping.

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53 marks

Explain one disadvantage to a small business of using a focus group to collect market research data.

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66 marks

Discuss how the decision making of a small business may be affected by increased competition.

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76 marks

Case Study

Sports Tours Ltd was established in 1989 and is one of the leading online specialist sports tour operators in the United Kingdom. It arranges tours for teams to destinations in the United Kingdom and Europe in sports such as football, rugby, hockey and netball. The business not only organises travel, accommodation and meals, but it also arranges games and entry to tournaments for the sports team whilst on tour.

Sports Tours Ltd has very high standards. It carries out full risk assessments for all tours including possible pre-tour inspection visits. Tours are licensed and authorised through official agencies. All tours have regular contact with a member of staff from Sports Tours Ltd.

In recent years the business has faced increasing competition. This is not only from other sports tour operators but also from teams organising their own tours. Changing levels of consumer income and exchange rates have also had an impact on demand for tours by sports teams.

Sports Tours Ltd are confident that the high level of service they offer will help them to remain competitive. However, it is always looking for more ways to add value to its business activities.

Analyse the impact on Sports Tours Ltd of using market mapping to target customers.

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83 marks

Explain one benefit to a small business of conducting market research before it starts to trade.

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93 marks

Explain one drawback to a small business of using online surveys to capture data on customer needs and wants.

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106 marks

Discuss the ways a small business may differentiate its product in a competitive market.

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113 marks

Explain one reason why a small business may choose to segment its market.

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126 marks

Case Study

On Your Bike is a family owned business that first opened in London in 1983. Its customers include children buying their first bikes and scooters, through to experienced enthusiasts in road cycling and mountain biking.

The business offers a wide range of bikes, many imported from abroad. These include high quality brands such as Brompton, Cannondale and Ridgeback. It also stocks a wide range of clothing and helmets including brands such as Endura and Altura.

On Your Bike has large workshop facilities in its shop where qualified mechanics maintain and repair all makes of bike. All mechanics go on regular training courses to ensure they keep their skills and knowledge up to date with the latest cycling technology. This allows On Your Bike to offer exceptional customer service and advice.

The cycling market has grown over recent years. Market research has shown that an increasing number of tourists like to rent bikes when on holiday. In response to this, On Your Bike operates one of the largest bike rental services in London. Bikes can be hired by the day or week with a choice including road and electric bikes.

Figure 2 shows a customer review from a comparison website.

Five-star review with a user profile icon labeled "VE" from Sydney, Australia. Text reads: "Great Service!!! Great customer service, particularly from Miles. They have a great range of bikes for hire too!" Dated February 28, 2019.

Figure 2

Analyse the impact on On Your Bike of using secondary market research to inform their decision to enter London's bike rental market.

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112 marks

Case Study

Stand up paddleboarding is a sport which is similar to surfing but the riders use a paddle whilst standing on the board. Joe Thwaites opened Loco in 2012 as he spotted a gap in the market manufacturing stand up paddleboards (SUPs). Joe felt that he could compete using innovative designs and by changing the shape of the SUPs he made. He spent a few weeks in Fuerteventura, Spain, working with professional SUP riders where he developed designs for three Loco boards.

Since then Loco has surrounded itself with creative talent. This includes world class SUP shapers, graphic designers and team riders, who compete in competitions using its boards. Within months of its new SUPs becoming available, one of the team went on to win the British National Championship and represent Team GB in the World Championships.

Loco now sells an extensive range of SUPs, surf and kite boards throughout the UK and Europe and is ready to further extend its brand. Joe feels that the use of digital marketing using social media is vital in this growth. This combination of creative marketing and Joe’s active role in the business, by offering advice to customers, has provided him with a firm belief that Loco can compete against larger manufacturers.

Evaluate the extent to which Loco will be able to compete with large manufacturers of SUPs. You should use the information provided as well as your knowledge of business.

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29 marks

Case Study

That Feeling is a unique barber shop in Potters Bar, Hertfordshire. Its owner, Justin Carr, started the business, aged 25, because of his passion for being a barber. When he left school after his GCSEs he was advised to follow a different career path. However, he wanted to work in a creative industry. This ambition led him to opening a barber shop where his regular customers include England international footballers such as Kyle Walker, Kieran Trippier and Dele Alli.

The unique nature of That Feeling not only comes from the high quality haircuts but also from the way it looks after its customers. They can play on arcade games and get drinks whilst waiting for their appointment. The shop also sells That Feeling branded clothes and vintage glasses frames.

When asked about his business objectives Justin was very clear that non-financial objectives are crucial. Justin stated:

‘It is important to be passionate about what you do and always try to be the best you can. The financial rewards of running a business will come if you get the other things right.’

Justin now acts as a mentor to staff members at That Feeling by giving help and advice about their career. Most of the employees are aged between 19 and 22. Justin feels that if they are given the opportunity to develop their skills they will bring new ideas and creativity to the business.

To maintain market share following the arrival of a low-price competitor in Potters Barr, Justin Carr is considering two options:

Option 1: Opening a second barbers shop in central Manchester

Option 2: Expanding the range of branded clothing and accessories for sale in the Potters Bar salon

Justify which one of these two options Justin should choose.

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39 marks

Case Study

On Your Bike is a family owned business that first opened in London in 1983. Its customers include children buying their first bikes and scooters, through to experienced enthusiasts in road cycling and mountain biking.

The business offers a wide range of bikes, many imported from abroad. These include high quality brands such as Brompton, Cannondale and Ridgeback. It also stocks a wide range of clothing and helmets including brands such as Endura and Altura.

On Your Bike has large workshop facilities in its shop where qualified mechanics maintain and repair all makes of bike. All mechanics go on regular training courses to ensure they keep their skills and knowledge up to date with the latest cycling technology. This allows On Your Bike to offer exceptional customer service and advice.

The cycling market has grown over recent years. Market research has shown that an increasing number of tourists like to rent bikes when on holiday. In response to this, On Your Bike operates one of the largest bike rental services in London. Bikes can be hired by the day or week with a choice including road and electric bikes.

Figure 2 shows a customer review from a comparison website.

Five-star review with text: "Great Service!!! Great customer service, particularly from Miles. They have a great range of bikes for hire too!" Reviewed February 28, 2019.

Figure 2

To target new market segments, On Your Bike is considering two options:

Option 1: Introduce family-friendly bike hire options such as tandems, child seats and bike trailers

Option 2: Open a bike shop and repair workshop in another major UK city such as Birmingham or Manchester

Justify which one of these two options On Your Bike should choose.

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