Motivation (Edexcel GCSE Business)
Revision Note
Written by: Steve Vorster
Reviewed by: Jenna Quinn
The Importance of Employee Motivation
Motivation refers to the inner desire or willingness that propels a person to take action and achieve a specific goal or outcome
Motivation can be intrinsic, coming from within a person (values, beliefs etc)
Motivation can be extrinsic, coming from external factors (rewards or punishments)
Motivation plays a critical role in a business's success, and can have a significant impact on productivity, reliability and loyalty of the workers, and labour turnover rates
1. The impact of motivation on productivity
Motivated employees are more productive and efficient as they are more likely to be engaged in their work and take initiative in order to meet or exceed their goals
They will generate higher levels of output and quality
Increased productivity results in higher profits for the business
2. The impact of motivation on the reliability of workers
Motivated employees are more likely to be reliable and dependable
They take pride in their job, show up on time, meet deadlines, and take fewer sick days
This leads to increased trust between the business and its employees and higher productivity
3. The impact of motivation on turnover rates
Motivated employees are more likely to stay with the company long-term which reduces the turnover rate
Lower turnover rates reduce the need for costly recruitment and training
Financial Incentives to Improve Performance
Financial incentives are rewards or payments given to employees in return for their labour - or improved performance
Types of financial incentives used to motivate employees
There are different theories of human motivation which offer varying perspectives on the role of money in motivating staff
Herzberg's Two Factor Theory says that money is not a motivator, but lack of it leads to dissatisfaction
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs argues that people move through levels of needs that motivate them - their first need is physiological (food, water, clothing), followed by safety (employment, shelter etc) - once a need is met it no longer serves to motivate
An Explanation of the Financial Incentives Available to Businesses
Incentive Type | Explanation |
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Remuneration |
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Commission |
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Bonus |
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Promotion |
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Fringe benefits |
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Non-financial Incentives to Improve Performance
Non-financial incentives are rewards or motivators not directly related to money
These incentives are usually intangible and include methods that lead to recognition, praise, job satisfaction, and work-life balance
Types of Non-financial Incentives
Incentive Type | Explanation |
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Autonomy |
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Job enrichment |
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Job rotation |
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Examiner Tip
When you are asked to consider an appropriate compensation package that a business is wanting to offer, there are several factors you should consider before answering:
The context of the business: Is it a manufacturing facility or a team of creative designers? The former would probably pay their workers wages and not offer any fringe benefits, while the latter would pay salaries (plus possible bonus) and offer fringe benefits.
The balance of the compensation package: ideally it should include appropriate financial and non-financial incentives in order to maximise employee productivity and retention.
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