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Human Influences on the Environment (Edexcel GCSE Biology: Combined Science)
Exam Questions
Draw a ring around the most appropriate word from each of the square brackets to complete the sentence.
A highly biodiverse ecosystem is [stable / large / successful] because of the number of [competing / complementary / interdependent] species it contains. |
Which of A - D is most likely to lead to a biodiverse ecosystem?
☐ | A | A large number of unconnected food chains | |
☐ | B | A large number of interconnected food chains | |
☐ | C | A small number of unconnected food chains | |
☐ | D | A small number of interconnected food chains |
Figure 1 shows a food web from a marine ecosystem.
Figure 1
Using one example from Figure 1, describe the effect on this ecosystem if the fish were removed by human activity (too much commercial fishing).
Identify the producer species in Figure 1.
Which of the factors A - D is not likely to have a negative impact on biodiversity of the marine ecosystem shown in Figure 1?
☐ | A | Human introduction of more lobsters into the area | |
☐ | B | Global warming | |
☐ | C | Sewage ingress into the sea | |
☐ | D | Imposition of fishing quotas |
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Figure 1 shows how the production of fish from fish farms has changed between 1950 and 2010.
Figure 1
Describe the trend shown in Figure 1
(1)
Suggest an explanation for the trend described in part (i)
(2)
Describe how fish farming methods ensure maximum yield.
Fish farms are sometimes responsible for eutrophication due to excess nutrients which leak into the surrounding ecosystems.
Explain how these excess nutrients can lead to eutrophication in the surrounding ecosystems.
Sometimes fish from fish farms may escape into the nearby waterways with negative impacts on the native species in the surrounding ecosystems.
Identify two possible negative impacts of non-indigenous species.
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State the term given for the introduction of new diseases by non-indigenous species to a native population.
Complete Table 1 below by identifying whether the given scenario describes a competition effect on native species caused by a non-indigenous species.
Table 1
Scenario |
Competition effect Yes/No |
The introduction of rabbits in a region leads to a decline in the population of native hares. | |
Invasive plants consume more water, leaving less for native plants. | |
A larger new species of bird is introduced that feeds on larger prey. |
List, in order, the stages of eutrophication, starting from the runoff of fertilisers and ending with the decrease in dissolved oxygen.
Give two consequences of the increasing demand for land to sustain the growing human population.
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Figure 1 shows a river and the location of a fertiliser factory. The arrows indicate the direction of the flow of the river.
Figure 1
A scientist recorded the nitrate concentrations of the water at site A and site B. Her results are shown in the table.
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Water pollution can be caused by an increase in nitrates and phosphates.
Explain the problems associated with an increase of nitrates and phosphates levels in a lake.
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The size of the dung beetle popultation in Tayrona National Park showed a significant negative impact of human activity to the biodiversity of the area.
Suggest a suitable conservation method to protect and maintain the species in this ecosystem.
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Figure 1 shows a salmon fish farm in the sea.
Figure 1
Complete the Figure 2 to provide a solution to each of the problems associated with farming fish in fisheries.
Problem | Solution |
Death from disease | |
Eutrophication due to pollution | |
Predation | |
Small fish with low mass | |
Inter-specific competition |
Figure 2
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