The Challenges of Size (OCR Gateway GCSE Biology)

Exam Questions

2 hours31 questions
1
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A cell membrane has a thickness of 10 nm.

What will happen to the rate of diffusion if the cell membrane thickness changed to 5 nm?

  • The rate of diffusion halves

  • There is no change in the rate of diffusion

  • The rate of diffusion is 5 times greater

  • The rate of diffusion doubles

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2
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Which of the following correctly explains why mammals have a double circulatory system?

  • To reduce pressure of blood returning from the lungs to supply cells of the body most efficiently with the reactants for respiration

  • To increase the pressure of blood sent to the lungs to supply cells of the body most efficiently with the reactants for respiration

  • To increase the pressure of blood returning from the lungs to supply cells of the body most efficiently with the reactants for respiration

  • To reduce pressure of blood sent to the lungs to supply the cells most efficiently with the products for respiration

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3
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Which of the following gives the correct location of the valves?

  • Arteries

  • Capillaries

  • Veins

  • Arteries and veins

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4
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Which of the following statements correctly explains the effect of root hairs on absorption?

  • Provide a large surface area, maximising the rate of absorption of water and ions by osmosis

  • Provide a large surface area, maximising the rate of absorption of water by osmosis and ions by active transport

  • Increase the surface area, maximising the uptake of water by osmosis and ions by diffusion

  • Provide a large surface area, increasing the rate of absorption of water and ions by active transport

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5
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Which one of the following graphs most closely represents the relationship between atmospheric humidity and the rate of transpiration from a leaf?

8--q9--ratehumidity

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    6
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    A student uses a simple potometer to study the effect of different temperatures on the cut shoot of a plant.

    What does the potometer actually measure?

    • Volume of water evaporating from the leaves of the shoot

    • Volume of water produced by respiration in the shoot

    • Volume of water taken up by the shoot

    • Volume of water used in photosynthesis in the shoot

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    7
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    Higher tier content only

    The surface area of a single red blood cell is 1.5 × 10-4mm2.

    The volume is 1 × 10-7mm3.

    What is the surface area to volume ratio of a red blood cell?

    • 0.0015 : 1

    • 0.7 : 1

    • 1.5 : 1

    • 1500 : 1

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    8
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    The diagram shows a red blood cell.

    q13-paper1h-june2018-ocrgcsebio

      Distance oxygen travels
    to get to haemoglobin
    from blood plasma
    Surface area to volume
    ratio
    Nucleus present
    A Large Small Yes
    B Short Large Yes
    C Short Large No
    D Large Large No

    Which row in the table shows how red blood cells are adapted for transport of oxygen?

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      9
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      Sieve plates are structures found in plants.

      What is their location and function?

      • Found in phloem and allow movement of sucrose

      • Found in phloem and allow movement of water

      • Found in xylem and allow movement of sucrose

      • Found in xylem and allow movement of water

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      10
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      Which type of plant cell takes in water?

      • Guard cell

      • Phloem cell

      • Root hair cell

      • Xylem cell

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      11
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      Which type of human cell is shown in this diagram?

      q6-paper1f-june2018-ocrgcsebio

      • Egg cells

      • Red blood cells

      • Sperm cells

      • White blood cells

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      12
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      Transpiration has a cooling effect on the leaves of plants.

      Which statement best describes how this happens?

      • Evaporation of water from the leaf removes heat energy.

      • Water entering the stomata takes heat energy from the leaf surface.

      • Water dripping off the leaf causes heat energy to be lost.

      • Water falling on the leaf removes heat energy.

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      13
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      Which process takes water out of plant leaves into the air?

      • Osmosis

      • Photosynthesis

      • Translocation

      • Transpiration

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      14
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      Which row shows the correct direction of blood flow through a double circulatory system?

      • left side of heart body organs right side of heart lungs

      • left side of heart lungs     right side of heart body organs

      • right side of heart  body organs lungs left side of heart

      • right side of heart  lungs body left side of heart

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      15
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      How is sugar transported around a plant?

      • Upwards in phloem

      • Upwards in xylem

      • Upwards and downwards in phloem

      • Upwards and downwards in xylem

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      16
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      Which diagram shows cells that swell, creating an opening during daylight conditions?

      q7-paper1h-nov2020-ocrgcsebio

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        17
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        Which substances are absorbed from the soil by the root hair cell?

        q3-paper1f-nov2020-ocrgcsebio

        • Carbohydrates and proteins

        • Carbon dioxide and nitrogen

        • Proteins and vitamins

        • Water and mineral ions

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        18
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        Which process moves food around in plants?

        • Osmosis

        • Respiration

        • Translocation

        • Transpiration

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        19
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        Some plants can wilt if they lose more water than they take up.

        Which conditions make a plant most likely to wilt?

        • Higher wind speed and lower temperature

        • Lower wind speed and lower temperature

        • Lower wind speed and higher temperature

        • Higher wind speed and higher temperature

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        20
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        The graph shows total water loss from a plant.

        q8-paper1f-nov2020-ocrgcsebio

        Calculate the water lost between 5 and 15 minutes using the line of best fit.

        • 2.2ml per 100g

        • 2.4ml per 100g

        • 2.6ml per 100g

        • 2.8ml per 100g

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        21
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        Marram grass grows on sand dunes with very little water available. It has a leaf that is curled in on itself so that the stomata are hidden on the inside, as shown in the diagram.

        q13-paper1f-nov2020-ocrgcsebio

        Why does this adaptation help the plant to survive on sand dunes?

        • Increases gas exchange from the stomata.

        • Reduces air movement around the stomata.

        • Increases photosynthesis by the leaf.

        • Increases water uptake by the leaf.

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        22
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        A cube of potato is used to investigate the effect of surface area on osmosis.

        The cube is 3 × 3 × 3cm.

        What is the surface area to volume ratio of the cube?

        • 1:2

        • 2:1

        • 6:1

        • 1:6

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