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What is DNA methylation?
DNA methylation is a process which is necessary for normal development in an organism.
What does epigenetic mean?
Epigenetic involves the interaction of genes with the environment to bring about genetic changes in offspring.
What is the aim of the study by Weaver et al. (2004)?
The aim of the study by Weaver et al. (2004) is to investigate how maternal behaviour in rats may be linked to epigenetic changes in the offspring seen in DNA methylation.
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What is DNA methylation?
DNA methylation is a process which is necessary for normal development in an organism.
What does epigenetic mean?
Epigenetic involves the interaction of genes with the environment to bring about genetic changes in offspring.
What is the aim of the study by Weaver et al. (2004)?
The aim of the study by Weaver et al. (2004) is to investigate how maternal behaviour in rats may be linked to epigenetic changes in the offspring seen in DNA methylation.
What is the procedure of the study by Weaver et al. (2004)?
The procedure of the study by Weaver et al. (2004) involves:
group rats based on the nurturing maternal behaviours of their mothers
DNA methylation is measured at one week old and throughout their lives
rats are given to a mother with the opposite type of maternal care to observe if maternal care is reversible and would show epigenetic changes
True or False?
In the study by Weaver et al. (2004), the rats raised by nurturing mothers showed fewer differences in DNA methylation compared to rats raised by unloving mothers.
False.
In the study by Weaver et al. (2004), the rats raised by nurturing mothers showed more differences in DNA methylation compared to rats raised by unloving mothers.
In Weaver et al. (2004), how long do the differences in the DNA methylation of the rats raised by nurturing mothers last for?
In Weaver et al. (2004), the differences in the DNA methylation of the rats raised by nurturing mothers are long-lasting into adulthood. The rats also exhibited a reduced stress response.
What is the conclusion of the study by Weaver et al. (2004)?
The conclusion of the study by Weaver et al. (2004) is that epigenetics can change the state of specific genes, which can occur through learned experiences, and that these changes are reversible.
True or False?
The results of Weaver et al. (2004) cannot explain exactly why the epigenetic changes occurred: they could have been due to other variables which decreases the internal validity of the study.
True.
The results of Weaver et al. (2004) cannot explain exactly why the epigenetic changes occurred: they could have been due to other variables which decreases the internal validity of the study.
Who investigates whether the attachment styles of mice reflect the maternal behaviours of their biological mothers compared to foster mothers?
Lassi & Tucci (2017) investigate whether the attachment styles of mice reflect the maternal behaviours of their biological mothers compared to foster mothers.
What do Lassi & Tucci (2017) use to observe attachment behaviours in mice?
Lassi & Tucci (2017) use a modified version of the Strange Situation test to observe attachment behaviours in mice.
True or False?
The study by Lassi & Tucci (2017) finds that attachment styles in mice are not influenced by maternal behaviours.
False.
The study by Lassi & Tucci (2017) finds that attachment styles in mice are influenced by maternal behaviours.
What dothe results of Lassi & Tucci (2017) suggest?
The results of Lassi & Tucci (2017) suggest that:
mice raised by biological mothers exhibit secure attachment behaviours
mice raised by foster mothers show signs of insecure attachment and exhibit attachment styles linked to the genetic paternal line
True or False?
The conclusion of the study by Lassi & Tucci (2017) is that genes may interact with the environment to determine future attachment styles.
True.
The conclusion of the study by Lassi & Tucci (2017) is that genes may interact with the environment to determine future attachment styles.
How can the findings of the Lassi & Tucci (2017) study have good application to parenting generally?
The findings of the Lassi & Tucci (2017) study may have good application to parenting as they demonstrate that positive nurturing is linked to secure attachment style. This could be useful in human settings too.
Why is a limitation of the study by Lassi & Tucci (2017) that measuring maternal mouse behaviour is open to interpretation?
It is a limitation of the study by Lassi & Tucci (2017) that measuring maternal mouse behaviour is open to interpretation as the researchers cannot be sure that their observations are positive nurturing behaviours..
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