What is the working memory model?
Enjoying Flashcards?
Tell us what you think
What is the working memory model?
The working memory model is a model of memory devised by Baddeley & Hitch (1974), focusing on short-term memory.
Which component is the command center of the working memory model, directing tasks to slave systems
The central executive is the command center of the working memory model, directing tasks to slave systems.
True or False:
The central executive is difficult to measure
True. Research such as Baddeley et al. (1973) did not operationalise the central executive.
The phonological loop consists of:
a) the visual cache and the inner scribe
b) the phonological store and the visual cache
c) the phonological store and the articulatory control system.
c) The phonological loop consists of the phonological store and the articulatory control system.
What is the function of the visuospatial sketchpad?
The visuospatial sketchpad organizes visual and spatial information, including the visual cache and inner scribe.
True or False:
The episodic buffer has no real function.
False. The episodic buffer communicates between long-term memory and the slave systems, arranging information into packets for effective functioning.
In what year was the episodic buffer added to the working memory model?
The episodic buffer was added to the model in 2000.
One way in which the working memory model is superior to the multi-store model is:
a) it ignores long-term memory
b) offers a more dynamic and detailed depiction of memory
c) it has a better name
The working memory model offers a more dynamic and detailed depiction of memory than the multi-store model.
How is the working memory model limited in terms of its conception of long-term memory?
The working memory model overlooks the role of long-term memory in memory processing.
What was the aim of Glanzer & Cunitz (1966)?
The aim of Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) was to investigate serial position effect as evidence for separate stores (for short-term and for long-term memory).
Define serial position effect.
Serial position effect is the tendency to recall items at the beginning (primacy effect) and end (recency effect) of a list rather than items in the middle of the list.
The mental repetition of information, which helps transfer it from short-term memory to long-term memory: is this a description of:
a) Serial position effect
b) Displacement
c) Rehearsal
c) Rehearsal is the mental repetition of information, which helps transfer it from short-term memory to long-term memory.
True or False: In Glanzer & Cunitz (1966), participants in the 30-second delay condition showed a high recency effect.
False. The 30-second delay condition resulted in lowest recall for items at the end of the list i.e. the recency effect was eroded.
There are two separate storage facilities for (one for short-term and one for long-term memory), evidenced by the prevention of recency effect: is this the result or the conclusion of Glanzer & Cunitz (1966)?
There are two separate storage facilities for STM and LTM, evidenced by the prevention of recency effect: this is the conclusion of Glanzer & Cunitz (1966).
True or False:
One strength of Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) is that it is high in reliability.
True. Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) is a well-controlled lab experiment with standardised procedure, making it replicable and high in reliability.
What was the aim of Baddeley et al. (1973)?
The aim of Baddeley et al. (1973) was to investigate the existence of the visuo-spatial sketchpad and phonological loop as separate components of the working memory model.
What is meant by a dual-task activity?
A dual-task activity involves performing two tasks simultaneously e.g. drawing a picture whilst listening to music.
In condition B of Baddeley et al. (1973) the participants were asked to:
a) Trace the outline of a letter by 'seeing' the letter in their head
b) Trace the outline of a letter and respond verbally to questions about the letter
c) Recall a list of items which all began with the same letter
In condition B of Baddeley et al. (1973) the participants were asked to:
a) Trace the outline of a letter by 'seeing' the letter in their head
True or False: Participants in condition B experienced great difficulty in tracking the spot of light while identifying in their head whether the letter had a top/middle/bottom line.
True. Baddeley et al. (1973) concluded that this provided evidence for separate slave systems: overloading one slave system led to memory interference.