Practice Paper 2 (DP IB Physics: SL)

Light is incident upon a piece of glass.

The angle of incidence is less than that of the critical angle. The refractive index of the glass is 1.50.

The angle of incidence for this situation is 34°.

The refracted light travels within the glass for 5 m.

The light continues within the glass until it strikes the side perpendicular to the original side of entry.

An industrial kiln is used for ‘firing’ ceramic and pottery items at very high temperatures.

The kiln emits electromagnetic radiation of peak wavelength, λ_max = 3.50 × 10⁻⁶ m.

The kiln has a surface area of 160 m².

The large kiln is compared to a smaller model with a surface area of 120 m² and a lower operating temperature of 710 K. The smaller kiln is made from the same materials and can also be treated as an ideal black body.

The working areas and people around kilns need to be protected from the high levels of heat energy emitted.

A variable resistor R₁ has a resistance that varies between 0 and 10 Ω is connected to two resistors R₂ and R₃ and two cells of e.m.f. 5 V and 6 V.

Initially, the variable resistor  is set to 0 Ω.

The terminals of the 5 V cell are reversed, and the variable resistor is set to a resistance of 5 Ω.

(i)   State two particles that are their own antiparticle.

[2]

   (ii)         Explain why K⁰ is not its own antiparticle.

[1]

Heavier quarks can decay into lighter quarks by exchanging a virtual particle that meditates the type of interaction. This particle can then decay into a quark and its equivalent anti–quark.