Causes of Climate Change (DP IB Environmental Systems & Societies (ESS))

Climate Change: Issues

Photo by NOAA on Unsplash

An ozonesonde balloon is launched by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) - the ozonesonde itself is a lightweight instrument, carried up by the balloon, that measures ozone and standard meteorological quantities such as pressure, temperature and humidity, which can then be used as data inputs for climate modelling. The balloon will ascend to altitudes of about 115,000 feet (35 km) before it bursts.

• One of the main issues surrounding climate change is how to properly identify who or what is responsible for causing it

• The causes of climate change is a highly debated issue, primarily due to climate change denialism (from the powerful corporations that stand to gain most from continued use of fossil fuels), conflicting environmental value systems and the complexity of global climate models

• These factors contribute to uncertainty and varying perspectives on the topic

Conflicting Environmental Value Systems

• Climate change involves a range of social, economic, and ethical considerations, leading to different environmental value systems

• Various stakeholders hold diverse beliefs, priorities, and interests regarding the environment, economy, and societal well-being, influencing their positions on climate change

• Disagreements arise from differing views on the role of human activities, the extent of responsibility, and the appropriate actions to address climate change

Complexity of Global Climate Models

• Climate models are sophisticated computer simulations that integrate numerous factors and processes to project future climate scenarios

• These models take into account the incredibly complex interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, ice, and all other components of the Earth system

• Like any model, however, even the world's best climate simulators still come with a significant level of uncertainty

Uncertainty in Predictions

• Climate models provide projections rather than precise predictions, as they aim to capture the range of potential future climate outcomes

• Uncertainties arise from the complexity of the climate system, limitations in observational data, and challenges in accurately simulating all relevant processes

• Different models and scenarios yield a range of possible outcomes, contributing to uncertainties in predicting the precise magnitude, timing, and regional patterns of climate change

• Communicating and managing uncertainty is a critical aspect of climate change discussions to ensure informed decision-making

Impact on Public Perception and Policy

• Conflicting environmental value systems and uncertainties in climate predictions can influence public perception and policy decisions

• Debates may arise from differing interpretations of scientific evidence, risk perceptions, economic considerations, and political ideologies

• The scientific community continues to refine climate models and improve their accuracy, but the inherent complexity of the climate system makes predicting specific outcomes challenging

• Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary collaboration, transparent communication of uncertainties, and open dialogue among stakeholders

• Recognising the conflicting environmental value systems and uncertainties associated with climate change is crucial for fostering constructive discussions, informed decision-making, and taking effective climate action