11 mark
In the context of climate change and global warming, distinguish between mitigation strategies and adaptation strategies.
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Climate Change: Mitigation & Adaptation (DP IB Environmental Systems & Societies (ESS): SL)
Exam Questions
35 mins10 questions23 marks
Outline how adding compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron to the oceans is a climate change mitigation strategy.
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31 mark
Despite significant climate change mitigation efforts, the impact of past greenhouse gas emissions will persist for decades.
Suggest the main reason for this.
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43 marks
Electric vehicles (EVs) are vehicles that are powered by electric motors instead of petrol or diesel engines.
EVs use batteries to store energy, which is then used to power the electric motors.
EVs are becoming increasingly popular.
i)
In the context of climate change, identify whether our increasing use of electric vehicles represents a mitigation strategy or an adaptation strategy.
[1]
ii)
Explain why.
[2]
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12 marks
Suggest two reasons for net gains in forested areas in some regions of the world.
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24 marks
Explain how biofuel production can be used as a strategy to control greenhouse gas emissions.
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33 marks
Outline three adaptation strategies that can be used to reduce the impacts of climate change.
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42 marks
Ecosystems vary greatly in their ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store this carbon within their living biomass or in the soil below ground.
The figure below contains some data on carbon storage for different ecosystems.
Carbon Storage (metric tons of carbon per hectare) | Marine Ecosystems | Terrestrial Ecosystems | |||
Seagrass meadows | Saltmarshes | Mangroves | Tropical rainforest | Boreal forest | |
Soil | 580 | 850 | 1 000 | 100 | 130 |
Living biomass | 20 | 50 | 400 | 200 | 70 |
Total | 600 | 900 | 1 400 | 300 | 200 |
Referring to the data, outline the effectiveness of mangroves and tropical rainforests for mitigating climate change.
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17 marks
Discuss how an ecocentric environmental value system can affect the choice of mitigation strategies in response to climate change.
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29 marks
Evaluate the effectiveness of international efforts and conferences to address climate change.
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