IBChemistry: HLDPExam Questions4. Chemical Bonding & Structure4.2 Resonance, Shapes & Giant Structures

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First teaching 2014

Last exams 2024

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Resonance, Shapes & Giant Structures (DP IB Chemistry: HL)

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4.2 Resonance, Shapes & Giant Structures

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4.2 Resonance, Shapes & Giant Structures

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11 mark

Hydrazine, N2H4, is a precursor for multiple pharmaceutical compounds. 

Which of the diagrams below illustrate the most likely structure and bond angle of hydrazine?

ma1_14-2_ib_sl_mcq_easy

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    21 mark

    Two boron-containing species, boron trifluoride (BF3) and the borohydride ion (BH4-), have different molecular shapes. 

    What are the shapes around the boron atom in these molecules?

     

    boron trifluoride (BF3)

    borohydride ion (BH4−)

    A

    pyramidal

    tetrahedral

    B

    pyramidal

    square planar

    C

    trigonal planar

    tetrahedral

    D

    trigonal planar

    square planar

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      31 mark

      Graphite has a structure containing layers of carbon atoms in hexagonal rings.

      Why is graphite a good conductor of electricity?

      • It has delocalised ions which can move and carry charge

      • It has delocalised electrons which are mobile

      • There are only weak London forces between the layers

      • Each carbon atom in the layers has only three covalent bonds

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      41 mark

      What is the correct bond angle in a trigonal planar molecule?

      • 107°

      • 120°

      • 180°

      • 109.5°

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      51 mark

      Which of the following is correct?

       

      Shape of SF6 molecule

      Bond angle in SF6 molecule

      A

      Octahedral

      90°

      B

      Square planar

      90°

      C

      Trigonal bipyramidal

      120°

      D

      Tetrahedral

      109.5°

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        61 mark

        Which statement about the physical properties of substances is correct?

        • Covalent structures always have high melting points

        • Metals only conduct electricity when solid

        • Metals always have high melting points 

        • Ionic substances conduct electricity when liquid 

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        71 mark

        Which of the following statements about graphite is correct?

        • The bond angle in graphite is 109.5 o

        • There are only London forces between the layers of graphite

        • Graphite has a higher melting point than diamond

        • Graphite is soluble in water

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        81 mark

        Which of the following is the correct resonance hybrid structure of the carbonate ion, CO32-?

        q8_14-2_ib_sl_easy_mcq

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          91 mark

          Which of the following is correct?

           

          Shape of CCl4 molecule

          Bond angle in CCl4 molecule

          A

          Octahedral

          90°

          B

          Square planar

          90°

          C

          Trigonal bipyramidal

          120°

          D

          Tetrahedral

          109.5°

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            101 mark

            Which substance is described in the table below?

            Melting point

            Electrical Conductivity

            Solubility

            Very high

            Non-conductor

            Does not dissolve

            • Silicon dioxide

            • Buckminsterfullerene

            • Graphite

            • Sodium chloride 

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            11 mark

            The following equation shows the dissociation equilibrium of PCl5. 

            PCl5(g) → PCl3(g)  ＋ Cl2(g) 

            The percentage yield of PCl3 varies with temperature. 

            At 160°C PCl3 yield is 13% and at 300°C yield is100%. 

            Which of the following rows is correct?

             

            The reaction is

            Shape of PCl3 molecule

            A

            exothermic

            trigonal pyramidal

            B

            exothermic

            trigonal planar

            C

            endothermic

            trigonal pyramidal

            D

            endothermic

            trigonal planar

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              21 mark

              Boron trifluoride, BF3, reacts with trimethylamine, (CH3)3N, to form a compound of formula (CH3)3N.BF3. 

              How may this reaction be written using 3D structures to show  the shapes of the reactants and products?q2-1_14-2_ib_sl_medium_mcq

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              31 mark

              Which of the following statements about graphite are correct? 

              1.    The carbon atoms are joined together by three covalent bonds
              2.    Graphite contains delocalised electrons
              3.    The C-C-C bond angle is 109.5o

              • I and II only

              • I and III only

              • II and III only

              • I, II and III

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              41 mark

              Which statement below shows the correct information about diamond and silicon?

              • Diamond is macromolecular and silicon is simple molecular

              • The bond angles in the two structures are the same

              • The bond lengths are longer in C-C than in Si-Si

              • Diamond and silicon both conduct electricity due to delocalised electrons in their structure

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              51 mark

              How many lone pairs of electrons are there around the chlorine atom in a molecule of chlorine trifluoride, ClF3?

              • 1

              • 2

              • 3

              • 0

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              61 mark

              Which one of these species has a bond angle of 120°?

              • H3O+  

              • TlBr32-

              • BCl3

              • NH3 

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              71 mark

              Which of the following statements about silicon dioxide is correct? 

              1.    Silicon dioxide forms a giant covalent network
              2.    Each silicon atom is covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms
              3.    Silicon dioxide molecules are V-shaped

              • I and II only

              • I and III only

              • II and III only

              • I, II and III

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              81 mark

              Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory drug that is used for treating pain, fever and inflammation. The structure is shown below.q8_4-2_ib_sl_medium_mcq 

              Ibuprofen

               What are the correct bond angles for a and b?

               

              a

              b

              A

              120o

              120o

              B

              107o

              109.5o

              C

              109.5o

              120o

              D

              120o

              109.5o

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                91 mark

                Which of the following molecules obeys the octet rule?

                • BF3

                • HCN

                • BeCl2

                • CS2

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                101 mark

                Which row in the table is correct?

                 

                Shape of diamond structure

                Melting point of buckminsterfullerene

                Bond angle in graphene

                A

                Square planar

                Relatively high

                90o

                B

                Tetrahedral

                Relatively low

                107o

                C

                Trigonal Planar

                Relatively high

                109.5o

                D

                Tetrahedral

                Relatively low

                120o

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                  11 mark

                  Which of the species shown below does not have resonance structures?

                  • C6H6

                  • CO32-

                  • C2H4

                  • O3

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                  21 mark

                  The correct molecular geometry and domain geometry for phosphorus trichloride, PCl3, is:

                   

                  molecular geometry

                  domain geometry

                  A

                  trigonal planar

                  trigonal planar

                  B

                  trigonal pyramid

                  tetrahedral

                  C

                  tetrahedral

                  trigonal planar

                  D

                  tetrahedral

                  trigonal pyramid

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                    31 mark

                    Below are statements about the structure and bonding in silicon dioxide. Which pair of statements is correct?

                     

                    structure

                    bonding

                    A

                    silicon dioxide molecules are bent linear

                    silicon atoms have covalent bonds to two oxygen atoms

                    B

                    silicon dioxide has a giant macromolecular structure

                    each oxygen bonds covalently to one silicon atom

                    C

                    silicon dioxide has a giant macromolecular structure

                    silicon atoms bond to four oxygen atoms

                    D

                    silicon dioxide molecules are linear

                    silicon and oxygen atoms are joined by a double covalent bond

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                      41 mark

                      Which compounds have an ionic lattice structure in the solid state?

                      1.   silicon dioxide
                      2.   sodium iodide
                      3.   ammonium sulfate

                      • I and II only

                      • I and III only

                      • II and III only

                      • I, II and III

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                      51 mark

                      What is the correct shape of a ClF2- ion?

                      • Linear

                      • T-Shaped

                      • Bent

                      • Trigonal planar

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                      61 mark

                      The correct shape and bond angle for the TlBr32- ion?

                       

                      Shape

                      Bond angle

                      A

                      Pyramidal

                      120°

                      B

                      Pyramidal

                      107°

                      C

                      Tetrahedral

                      109.5°

                      D

                      Tetrahedral

                      120°

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                        71 mark

                        Which of the following is correct for the molecules of BeCl2 and BeCl42-?

                        BeCl2

                        BeCl42-
                         

                        Shape

                        Bond angle

                        Shape

                        Bond angle

                        A

                        Linear

                        109.5°

                        Square planar

                        90°

                        B

                        V-shaped

                        107°

                        Square planar

                        90°

                        C

                        V-shaped

                        105°

                        Tetrahedral

                        109.5°

                        D

                        Linear

                        180°

                        Tetrahedral

                        109.5°

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                          81 mark

                          Tramadol is an example of a painkiller which is classed as an opioid analgesic. It binds to opioid receptors in the central nervous system and inhibits noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake inhibiting pain transmission 

                          The structure is shown below 

                          Which of the following are the correct bond angles for a, b and c?

                          q8_4-2_ib_sl_hard_mcq

                           

                          a

                          b

                          c

                          A

                          120o

                          109.5o

                          107o

                          B

                          120o

                          107o

                          105o

                          C

                          107o

                          109.5o

                          107o

                          D

                          109.5o

                          107o

                          105o

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                            91 mark

                            Some properties of substance X are given in the following table 

                            Melting Point

                            Very high

                            Strength

                            Very strong across the layer

                            Conductivity

                            Excellent conductor

                            Example of a Use

                            Used as a coating for smartphones, tablets and computers

                            What is a possible identity of substance X?

                            • Graphene

                            • Graphite

                            • Silicon dioxide 

                            • Buckminsterfullerene

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                            101 mark

                            Sulfur forms the compound S4N4 with nitrogen, the structure is shown below.q10_4-2_ib_sl_hard_mcq

                              Which of the following statements about S4N4 is correct?

                            • The sulfur atom marked x has two lone pairs

                            • The sulfur atom marked y has two lone pairs

                            • Each N atom has two lone pairs 

                            • The N-S-N bond angle will be larger than S=N=S bond angle 

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