Practice Paper 1 (DP IB Chemistry: HL)

The glass containers X and Y are connected by a closed valve.

X contains pure CO₂ gas at 25 °C and a pressure of 1 × 10⁵ Pa. Container Y has been evacuated prior to the experiment and has a volume three times bigger than container X.

During the experiment, the valve is opened, and the temperature of the whole apparatus is raised to 160 °C.

What is the final pressure in the system?

The diagram below shows the skeletal formula of phenazine.What is the empirical formula of phenazine?

The mass spectrum of element X is shown below.

Which of the following statements is correct?

Successive ionisation energies for an element, Y, are shown in the table below.

What is the most likely formula for the ion of Y?

A spectral line that would be found in the visible spectrum of the hydrogen emission spectrum would be

Use a periodic table to deduce the correct information about the element tin, Sn (Z = 50)

Which complex is likely to be colourless?

Which type of bonding can be described as ‘the electrostatic attraction between positive nuclei and electrons and occurs by the sharing of electrons’? 

Which of the following are properties of transition metals?

1. They have variable oxidation states
2. They can behave as catalysts
3. They can have magnetic properties

Which is a characteristic property of sodium oxide?

Sulfur forms the compound S₄N₄ with nitrogen, the structure is shown below.

  Which of the following statements about S₄N₄ is correct?

Which combination describes the PH₄⁺ ion?

Which enthalpy changes correctly describe the following reactions? 

Reaction 1: HNO₃ (aq) + NH₃ (aq) → NH₄NO₃ (aq)

Reaction 2: CuCO₃ (s) → CuO (s) + CO₂ (g)

Reaction 3: S (s) + O₂ (g) → SO₂ (g)

Bond energy calculations show the enthalpy of combustion for propene to be -1572.0 kJ mol^-1.

Using the enthalpy of formation data, which calculation correctly shows the percentage error between propene’s enthalpy of combustion values obtained from bond energy calculations and Hess’s Law calculations, assuming the bond energy calculation value is correct?

The ΔG^ϴ_f values for the following substances are shown.

Which of the following is the correct calculation to determine ΔG^ϴ? 

4NH₃ (g) + 5O₂ (g) ⇌ 6H₂O (g) + 4NO (g)

Which statements are correct for ionic compounds?

1. Solubility in water depends on the relative magnitude of the lattice energy compared to the hydration energy
2. Melting points of ionic compounds increase as the size of the cation increases
3. The enthalpy of solution for calcium chloride is represented by CaCl₂ (s) → CaCl₂ (aq)

A student performs to reactions and measures the rate of product formation.

Reaction 1: 1.5g of solid calcium carbonate is added to 100 cm³ of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid

Reaction 2: 100 cm³ of distilled water is then added to 100 cm³ of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid then 1.5g of solid calcium carbonate is added

The rate of reaction 1 was faster than the rate of reaction 2.

Which of the following 3 hypotheses correctly describes the difference in the rate?

The stoichiometry of a catalysed reaction is shown by the equation below.

R (g) + S (g)  ⇌ T (g) + U (g)

Two experiments were carried out in which the amount of product T was measured against time. The results are shown in the diagram below.

Which changes in the conditions from experiment 1 to experiment 2 might explain the results shown?

A student experimentally determined the rate expression for the reaction between iodine and propanone to be: 

Rate = k [H⁺] [C₃H₆O] 

Which graph is consistent with this information?

The following information was obtained for the rate constant, k, for a reaction at 25 ^OC

Which expression correctly represents how to calculate the rate constant, k?

Consider the following reversible reaction:

3O₂ (g) ⇌ 2O₃ (g) 

What is the value of K_c when the equilibrium concentrations are [O₂] = 4.0 mol dm^-3 and [O₃] = 4.0 mol dm^-3 ?

Which of the following equations is used when calculating the temperature, in Kelvin, at which a reaction becomes feasible if ΔH^Θ = x and ΔS^Θ = y.

In the Brønsted–Lowry theory of acids and bases, the difference between a conjugate acid and its conjugate base is the presence of which of the following?

How many different types of ions can be found in acid rain, assuming it contains a mixture of sulfuric, sulfurous, nitric and nitrous acids?

Which of the following statements are correct for a titration between 0.10 mol dm^-3 propanoic acid and 0.10 mol dm^-3 potassium hydroxide? 

Which of the following statements is correct? 

Below is a diagram of a voltaic cell. When the cell is running, what is happening in the salt bridge?

Which of the following reactions could take place at the positive electrode (cathode) in a voltaic cell? 

1.   Cu²⁺ (aq) to Cu (s)
2.   Br₂ (g) to Br^- (aq)
3.   Co³⁺ (aq) to Co²⁺(aq)

Consider these standard electrode potentials.

Fe²⁺ (aq) + 2e^- Fe (s) E^Θ = -0.45 V

Cu²⁺ (aq) + 2e^- Cu (s) E^Θ = +0.15 V

Which is the correct working to determine E^Θ_cell?

What types of isomerism can the following molecule show?

Which factors affect the rate of nucleophilic substitution in halogenoalkanes?

1. The nature of the attacking nucleophile
2. The structure of the halogenoalkane
3. The identity of the halogen

Compound Q has the formula CH₃CH₂CO₂CH₃

What is the name of compound Q and how does its boiling point compare with that of butanoic acid?

An alkene, X, undergoes electrophilic addition with hydrogen bromide to form a halogenoalkane, Y, as the minor product. 

The halogenoalkane, Y , can react with sodium hydroxide in aqueous conditions to form butan-1-ol. 

What is the correct identity of the alkene, X? 

In the presence of an H⁺ catalyst, compound X reacts with ethanoic acid to produce the compound below.

What is the molecular formula of compound X?

What is this molecule called?

The synthesis of 2-propyl propanoate can be carried out in two steps:

                                               I                                

                         CH₃COCH₃   →  CH₃CH(OH)CH₃

                                               II   

                  CH₃CH(OH)CH₃  → C₂H₅COOCH(CH₃)₂ 

What are the reagents needed in I and II?

Which molecule has an index of hydrogen deficiency (IHD) = 1?

The ¹H NMR spectrum of CH₃CHCl₂ shows two signals.

What is the correct assignment of splitting patterns for these signals?

Which row correctly describes the splitting pattern observed on the ¹H NMR spectrum for each labelled hydrogen?