IBChemistryHLExam QuestionsModels of the Particulate Nature of MatterThe Nuclear Atom

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First teaching 2023

First exams 2025

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The Nuclear Atom (HL IB Chemistry)

Exam Questions

1 hour26 questions

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The Nuclear Atom

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The Nuclear Atom

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11 mark

The reaction shown occurs in gas clouds throughout the Universe.

H2 (g) + H2+ (g) → H (g) + H3+ (g)

Which is the correct atomic structure of the H3+ ion?

             

     protons        

     neutrons          

           electrons            

A

B

C

D

3

3

2

2

0

0

1

1

1

2

1

2

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    21 mark

    Which row is correct regarding atomic structure?

           

         The atomic number is the number of

        The proton number is the number of

         The mass number is the number of

    A

    B

    C

    D

    atoms

    electrons

    electrons

    protons

    protons

    neutrons

    neutrons

    protons

    protons

    nucleons

    protons

    nucleons

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      31 mark

      The phosphide ion,  straight P presubscript 15 space end presubscript presuperscript 32 space end presuperscript superscript 3 minus end superscript, is used in medicine as a radiotherapy treatment for some forms of cancer. 

      What is the composition of the phosphide ion?

                 

            protons     

          neutrons     

         electrons   

      A

      B

      C

      D

      15

      15

      17

      17

      17

      17

      15

      15

      32

      18

      15

      32

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        41 mark

        Which option correctly describes the relative charges and masses of the subatomic particles?

                  

              proton    

           neutron   

            electron    

            the relative mass of an electron    

        A


        B


        C


        D

        +1


        0


        +1


        0

        0


        +1


        0


        +1

        -1


        +1


        -1


        -1

        1


        begin mathsize 16px style 1 over 1840 end style

        begin mathsize 16px style 1 over 1840 end style


        1

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          51 mark

          Which row correctly describes the characteristics of the nucleus and surrounding space?

                  

                         nucleus                         

           surrounding space          

          A

          B

          C

          D

          small, dense and neutral

          large, dense and positive

          large, dense and neutral

          small, dense and positive

          mainly empty space

          densely populated with electrons

          densely populated with electrons

          mainly empty space

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            61 mark

            X is a particle with 19 electrons and 20 neutrons. 

            Three species are shown below:

                     I         

                40Ca+

                     II

                39K+

                     III

                38Ar

            Which of the three species could particle X be?

            • I only

            • I and II only 

            • II and III only 

            • I, II and III

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            71 mark

            The elements of the periodic table have different isotopes.

            What is different about the nuclei of stable isotopes?

            • the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons

            • the same number of protons, and the same number of neutrons

            • a different number of protons, and a different number of neutrons

            • a different number of protons, and the same number of neutrons

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            81 mark

            Iron has many different naturally occurring isotopes.

                          Isotope            

                   % Abundance        

                  Isotopic mass      

               54Fe

            5.845

            53.9396

               56Fe

            91.754

            55.9349

               57Fe

            2.119

            56.9354

               58Fe

            0.282

            57.9333



            Using the information given, what is the average atomic mass of iron?

            • 56.1858 amu

            • 54.200 amu

            • 59.270 amu

            • 55.845 amu

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            11 mark

            In which of the following species are the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons all different?

            • 23Na+

            • 27Al

            • 19F-

            • 32S2-

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            21 mark

            The atomic number of an element gives the number of protons in the nucleus which is also equal to the number of electrons. Which statement explains why atoms are neutral?

            • one proton has a mass 1840 times greater than one electron

            • the charge on an electron is equal and opposite to the charge on a proton

            • the difference in charge between electrons and protons is balanced by the neutrons

            • electrons are spread out in shells around the nucleus while protons are concentrated inside the nucleus

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            31 mark

            Which statements correctly describe the distribution of mass and charge in the atom?

                 I   

               the negative charge is concentrated in one area outside the nucleus        

                 II

               the mass is concentrated inside the nucleus

                 III

               the negative charge is spread around outside the nucleus

            • I and III

            • I and II

            • II and III

            • I, II and III

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            41 mark

            The isotope  space presubscript 27 presuperscript 60 C o is used in the treatment of cancer cells in the body. 

            Which statements about this isotope are correct?

                 I     

            the charge on the nucleus is +27                                                    

                 II

            there are 33 neutrons in the nucleus

                 III 

            it has the same number of neutrons as other isotopes of cobalt

            • I and II only 

            • I and III only 

            • II only

            • I, II and III

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            51 mark

            The mass spectrum of element X is shown below.

            2-1-m-q9-mcqs-ib-chemistry
            Which of the following statements is correct?

            • X has a relative atomic mass between 70 and 71

            • The three isotopes of X are separated after being converted to anions

            • The most abundant isotope of X contains 71 neutrons

            • The isotope of X with mass 72 will be deflected the most

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            61 mark

            Which row correctly describes the subatomic particles found in 26Mg2+?

                         

                 protons        

                 neutrons      

                 electrons       

            A

            10

            14

            12

            B

            12

            14

            10

            C

            12

            26

            10

            D

            14

            12

            12

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              11 mark

              Which statement explains the similarity in chemical behaviour for isotopes of the same element?

              • they may have the same electronic configuration, depending on the reaction

              • they have the same electronic configuration

              • their mass numbers are different

              • they have different numbers of neutrons

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              21 mark

              An element consists of two isotopes 69X and 71X, whose abundances are 60% and 40% respectively. What is the relative atomic mass of element X?

              • 69.2

              • 69.8

              • 70.0

              • 70.2

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              31 mark

              What is the total number of protons and electrons in two moles of hydrogen gas?

              • 4

              • 8

              • 2.4 x 1024

              • 4.8 x 1024

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