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IBBiologyHLExam QuestionsForm & FunctionAdaptation to Environment

Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2023

First exams 2025

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Adaptation to Environment (HL IB Biology)

Exam Questions

47 mins12 questions

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Adaptation to Environment

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Adaptation to Environment

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11 mark

Which option correctly lists some abiotic features of an ecosystem?

  • Mineral ions, light intensity, temperature

  • Competition, predation

  • pH, producers, mineral ions

  • Wind speed, decomposition, mineral ions

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2
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Which of the statements about the term habitat is/are correct?

I.
A habitat is the place where a community of organisms lives
II.
A habitat is the place where an individual organism lives
III.
Habitats can only be described in terms of their geographical location

  • I and II only

  • II only

  • II and III only

  • I, II and III

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3
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Which of the statements about biomes is correct?

  • Biome distribution is affected primarily by biotic factors.

  • For any given temperature and rainfall pattern there are a range of ecosystem types that can develop.

  • A tropical rainforest biome will have high annual rainfall and low levels of biodiversity.

  • Average temperatures and rainfall patterns are significant factors in determining the development of a biome.

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4
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Which of the following is a hazard to consider in a risk assessment when measuring abiotic factors in a natural environment?

  • Uneven ground.

  • Slipping on wet rock.

  • Cutting oneself on a sharp rock.

  • Breaking an ankle by falling over.

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5
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How could levels of dissolved oxygen in a pond be measured?

  • pH indicator

  • Turbidity meter

  • Electronic sensor

  • Clinometer

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1
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Which of the following statements about adaptations to abiotic factors is correct?

  • Some grasses are able to release chemicals that attract the predators of insect herbivore species.

  • Some grasses are adapted to increase the water vapour concentration gradient between their leaves and the surrounding air.

  • Mangroves are adapted to survive in an environment with limited fresh water availability.

  • Mangroves deal with low oxygen availability by absorbing oxygen from the atmosphere via their stomata.

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2
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A group of scientists studied the distribution of an invertebrate species on a series of sandy beaches. Their results are shown in the graph.

shoreline-transect-distribution-graph-1

Which of the statements about the data is correct?

  • The data could have been collected using random quadrat sampling.

  • Conditions are outside the range of tolerance for the invertebrates at >15 m from the waterline on beach 3.

  • The number of invertebrates decreases as distance from the waterline increases.

  • Conditions are at their optimum for the invertebrate species at around 9 m from the waterline.

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3
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Which row correctly describes an example of an adaptation for survival in the given biome?

  Biome Adaptation
A. Tropical forest Thick waxy cuticles on leaves
B. Temperate forest Nocturnal behaviour
C. Taiga Wide buttress roots
D. Hot desert The ability to extract water from food

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