Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2023

First exams 2025

|

Nitrogen & Sulfur (CIE AS Chemistry)

Exam Questions

2 hours27 questions
11 mark

Which gas is present in the largest proportion in exhaust fumes of a car engine?

  • Carbon monoxide

  • Carbon dioxide

  • Water vapour

  • Nitrogen

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21 mark

Oxidation of ammonia by oxygen is the first step in the manufacture of nitric acid, which is used in the production of the synthetic material nylon.

wO2 (g) + xNH3 (g) rightwards arrow yNO (g) + zH2O (g)

Which values for w, x, y and z balance this equation?

 

w

x

y

z

A

B

C

D

5

6

6

5

4

4

5

6

4

4

5

6

6

5

4

4

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    31 mark

    Using your knowledge of the Bronsted-Lowry theory, which of the following correctly describes ammonia?

    • Neutral

    • Acid

    • Base

    • Amphoteric

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    41 mark

    Which statement correctly describes an ammonium ion, NH4+?

    • The bonds are all the same length.

    • All bond angles are 107°

    • Ammonium ions are unreactive when heated with NaOH (aq).

    • Ammonium ions are formed when ammonia behaves as an acid.

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    51 mark

    Which reaction that takes place in a catalytic converter does not remove hazardous and polluting gases from a car exhaust fumes?

    2-4-cie-ial-chemistry-diagram-q6easy

    • CO + O2 rightwards arrow CO2

    • CO + NOx rightwards arrow CO+ N2

    • HC + NOx rightwards arrow H2O + CO2 + N2

    • HC + NOx rightwards arrow H2O + CO + N2

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    61 mark

    The manufacture of ammonium nitrate NH4NO3, occurs on a large scale for use in fertiliser.

    Which statement about ammonium nitrate fertiliser is not correct?

    • It is insoluble in water.

    • It consists of 35 % nitrogen by mass.

    • It can cause environmental problems.

    • Nitric acid is used in its manufacture.

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    71 mark

    Oxides of nitrogen are released into the atmosphere in car engine exhaust fumes. 

    Which environmental problem is not made worse by this occurance?

    • Photochemical smog

    • The hole in the ozone layer

    • Corrosion of buildings

    • Acidification of lakes

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    11 mark

    Which statement about ammonia is completely correct?

    • Ammonia acts as a nucleophile by accepting a pair of electrons when it reacts with bromoethane.

    • Ammonia can form a co-ordinate bond with a hydrogen ion to form an ammonium ion.

    • Ammonia is a base and accepts hydroxide ions.

    • The shape of the ammonia molecule is pyramidal with bond angles of 109.5°

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    21 mark

    “Photochemical smog is produced when    1    acts on    2    and    3   .”

    Which row correctly identifies 1, 2 and 3?

     

    1

    2

    3

    A

    B

    C

    D

    Heat

    Sunlight

    Sunlight

    Heat

    Nitrogen

    Nitrogen oxides

    Nitrogen oxides 

    Hydrocarbons

    Oxygen

    Sulfur oxides

    Hydrocarbons

    Oxygen

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      31 mark

      Lime, CaO, is used to reduce the acidity of soil, and ammonium nitrate is a nitrogenous fertiliser.

      Why can they not be used in a mixed form?

      • Ca(NO3)2 is produced, which hardens water.

      • The dry mixture is explosive.

      • If damp, ammonia is given off.

      • If damp, nitric acid will form.

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      41 mark

      Nitrogen dioxide NO2, sulfur dioxide SO2, and carbon monoxide CO are all atmospheric pollutants.

      Which of the following reactions takes place in the atmosphere?

      • NO2 is reduced to NO by CO

      • NO2 is reduced to NO by SO2

      • SO2 is oxidised to SO3 by CO2

      • CO is spontaneously oxidised to CO2

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      11 mark

      In a car exhaust, multiple reactions take place as molecules are mixed with oxygen at high temperatures. 

      Which of the following reactions has the highest enthalpy change? 

      • S + O2 rightwards arrow SO2

      • CH4 + 2O2 rightwards arrow CO2 + 2H2O

      • N2 + O2 rightwards arrow 2NO

      • 2NO + O2 rightwards arrow 2NO2

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      21 mark

      Which reaction using ammonia does not involve the nitrogen atom’s non-bonding pair of electrons?

      • 2NH3 (aq) + Ag+ (aq) rightwards arrow [Ag(NH3)2]+ (aq)

      • 2NH3 (l) + 2Na (s) rightwards arrow 2NaNH2 (s) + H2 (g)

      • NH3 (g) + HCl (g) rightwards arrow NH4Cl (s)

      • NH3 (g) + CH3I (g) rightwards arrow CH3NH3+I (s)

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      31 mark

      Car exhausts release pollutant gases including oxides of nitrogen.

      In cities, when a car travels one kilometre, it releases 0.23 g of an oxide of nitrogen NxOy, which occupies 120 cm3.

      What are the values of x and y?

      (Assume 1 mol of gas molecules occupies 24.0 dm3.)

      • y = 1, x = 1

      • y = 1, x = 2

      • y = 2, x = 1

      • y = 4, x = 2

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      41 mark

      Ammonium sulfate in the soil is slowly oxidised by air, producing sulfuric acid, nitric acid and water as the only products. 

      How many moles of oxygen gas are needed for the complete oxidation of one mole of ammonium sulfate?

      • 1

      • 2

      • 3

      • 4

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      51 mark

      Aqueous ammonia is added to aqueous sulphur dioxide until just alkaline.

      Which salt is produced in this reaction?

      • NH4SO3

      • (NH4)2SO3

      • NH4SO4

      • (NH4)2SO4

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      61 mark

      The gases nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3) are required during the formation of acid rain.

      In a simulation experiment, the pressure of sulfur trioxide gas was 2 atm in a reaction chamber of 600 cm3 and kept at a constant temperature of 25 °C. 0.75 moles of nitrogen dioxide is added to the reaction chamber as well as water vapour.

      How many moles of nitrogen dioxide will be in the reaction chamber after all the sulfur trioxide has reacted to make acid rain?

      • 0

      • 0.25

      • 0.5

      • 0.75

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