4. Biodiversity, Evolution & Disease (OCR AS Biology)
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4.1 Communicable Diseases, Disease Prevention & the Immune System
- 4.1.1 Common Pathogens & Communicable Diseases
- 4.1.2 Transmission of Communicable Pathogens
- 4.1.3 Plant Defences Against Pathogens
- 4.1.4 Non-specific Immune Responses
- 4.1.5 Phagocytes
- 4.1.6 Blood Cells
- 4.1.7 The T Lymphocyte Response
- 4.1.8 The B Lymphocyte Response
- 4.1.9 Primary & Secondary Immune Responses
- 4.1.10 Antibodies
- 4.1.11 Opsonins, Agglutinins & Anti-toxins
- 4.1.12 Types of Immunity
- 4.1.13 Autoimmune Diseases
- 4.1.14 Principles of Vaccination
- 4.1.15 Sources of Medicine
- 4.1.16 Antibiotics
4.2 Biodiversity
- 4.2.1 Biodiversity
- 4.2.2 Sampling to Determine Biodiversity
- 4.2.3 Practical: Investigating Biodiversity Using Sampling
- 4.2.4 Measuring Species Richness & Species Evenness
- 4.2.5 Simpson's Index
- 4.2.6 Genetic Diversity
- 4.2.7 Factors Affecting Biodiversity
- 4.2.8 Reasons for Maintaining Biodiversity
- 4.2.9 Methods of Maintaining Biodiversity
- 4.2.10 Conservation Agreements
4.3 Classification & Evolution
- 4.3.1 Classification of Species
- 4.3.2 Binomial System
- 4.3.3 Classification of the Three Domains
- 4.3.4 Classification of the Five Kingdoms
- 4.3.5 Classification & Phylogeny
- 4.3.6 Evidence of Evolution
- 4.3.7 Types of Variation
- 4.3.8 Standard Deviation
- 4.3.9 Variation: t-test Method
- 4.3.10 Variation: t-test Worked Example
- 4.3.11 Spearman's Rank Correlation
- 4.3.12 Adaptation
- 4.3.13 Natural Selection
- 4.3.14 Evolution of Resistance
- 4.3.15 Consequences of Resistance