3. Exchange & Transport (OCR AS Biology)
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3.1 Exchange Surfaces
3.2 Transport in Animals
- 3.2.1 The Need for Transport Systems in Animals
- 3.2.2 Circulatory Systems
- 3.2.3 Blood Vessels
- 3.2.4 Tissue Fluid
- 3.2.5 The Mammalian Heart
- 3.2.6 Practical: Mammalian Heart Dissection
- 3.2.7 The Cardiac Cycle
- 3.2.8 Cardiac Output
- 3.2.9 Heart Action: Initiation & Control
- 3.2.10 Electrocardiograms (ECGs)
- 3.2.11 The Role of Haemoglobin
- 3.2.12 Adult & Fetal Haemoglobin
3.3 Transport in Plants
- 3.3.1 The Need for Transport Systems in Plants
- 3.3.2 The Xylem & Phloem
- 3.3.3 The Xylem
- 3.3.4 The Phloem
- 3.3.5 Transverse Sections: Stems, Roots & Leaves
- 3.3.6 The Process of Transpiration
- 3.3.7 Transpiration in Plants
- 3.3.8 Practical: Investigating the Rate of Transpiration
- 3.3.9 Translocation
- 3.3.10 The Mass Flow Hypothesis
- 3.3.11 The Adaptations of Xerophytic & Hydrophytic Plants