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ASBiologyOCRExam Questions2. Foundations in Biology2.1 Cell Structure

Cell Structure (OCR AS Biology)

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2.1 Cell Structure

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2.1 Cell Structure

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1
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Which of the following organelles is involved in the modification and packaging of lipids and proteins?

  • Lysosomes

  • Golgi apparatus

  • Ribosomes

  • Mitochondria

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2
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Which of the following is not a function of the cytoskeleton?

  • Cellular movement

  • Strengthening and support

  • Intracellular movement

  • Transport of substances in and out of the cell.

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3
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Which of the following is not a feature of prokaryotic cells?

  • DNA associated with histones, formed into chromosomes.

  • Cell wall made of peptidoglycan and murein.

  • No membrane-bound organelles.

  • Cell division occurs by binary fission.

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4
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Which of the following is a structure that is only found in animal cells?

  • Cellulose cell wall

  • Centriole

  • Endoplasmic reticulum

  • Large permanent vacuole

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5
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The following are steps in a method of preparing a microscope slide using a solid specimen. Which of the following shows the correct order in which to carry out the steps?

1 Peel away a very thin layer of cells from the tissue sample and place onto a slide.
2 Gently place a coverslip on top and press down to remove any air bubbles.
3 Apply a stain.
4 Use scissors to cut a small sample of the tissue.

  • 4, 1, 2, 3

  • 4, 3, 1, 2

  • 4, 1, 3, 2

  • 3, 4, 1, 2

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1
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Which of the following statements, A to D, about differential staining is not true?

  • Differential staining can distinguish between different organelles.

  • Differential staining can distinguish between types of cell.

  • Differential staining can distinguish between types of organism.

  • Differential staining is a common feature of electron microscopy.

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2
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Which of the following statements, A to D, about microscopes is correct?

  • A light microscope with an eyepiece lens magnification of ×10 and an objective lens magnification of ×50 will have an overall magnification of ×60.

  • Scanning electron microscopes and laser scanning confocal microscopes can both produce three dimensional images.

  • The maximum resolution of a scanning electron microscope is lower than that of a light microscope.

  • Transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes can both produce three dimensional images.

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3
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Refer to the following image of a human blood smear.

q4-paper-2-nov-2020-ocr-a-level-biology
The cell labelled E shows a parasite called Trypanosoma.

Which of the following statements is/are evidence that Trypanosoma is a eukaryote?

1    a nucleus is present
2    it is a similar size to blood cells
3    the presence of flagella

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • only 1 and 2

  • only 2 and 3

  • only 1

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4
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Which of the following best describes a microscope with high resolution?

  • The microscope can distinguish structures that are very close together.

  • The microscope can view structures that are very small.

  • The microscope is capable of high magnification.

  • The microscope has an in-built eyepiece graticule.

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5
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The image below shows a tardigrade, Echiniscus granulatus, viewed from the underneath. The magnification is × 110.

q2-paper-2-june-2018-ocr-a-level-biology

(For users viewing this question on-screen, the printed image of the tardigrade measures 95mm in length).

How long is the tardigrade in real life?

  • 115μm

  • 1.14 × 10-5 m

  • 8.64 × 10 -4m

  • 0.116mm

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6
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A student counted stomata on a leaf using a light microscope. The image below, measuring 106 mm by 77 mm, shows the stomata that were visible.

The image magnification is ×60.

q3-paper-1-june-2017-ocr-a-level-biology

Which of the options, A to D, is the correct stomatal density of this leaf?

  • 7.50 stomata mm-2

  • 0.13 stomata mm-2

  • 2428 stomata mm-2

  • 0.21 stomata mm-2

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7
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Which of the options, A to D, occurs in the nucleus of a cell?

  • synthesis of enzymes

  • synthesis of RNA

  • modification of polypeptides

  • synthesis of carbohydrates

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8
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Which of the following statements describes an organelle which is not membrane bound?

  • contains cristae

  • modifies and packages proteins

  • contains digestive enzymes

  • is made of rRNA and protein

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9
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Which of the following statements is/are true?

Statement 1: Microtubules are part of the ‘9 + 2’ formation in bacterial flagella.
Statement 2: Microtubules can be prevented from functioning by a respiratory inhibitor.
Statement 3: Microtubules are involved in moving chromosomes from the equator to the poles of the cell during mitosis.

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • Only 1 and 2

  • Only 2 and 3

  • Only 1

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1
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The TEM micrograph below shows the mitochondria from an animal cell at a magnification of x 40 000. The image size of the mitochondria is 72 mm.ocra-2-1h-mcq-mitochondria

The cell that holds this mitochondria has an actual size of 14 μm, how much larger is the cell than the mitochondria?

  • 77.8 x larger

  • 19.4 x larger

  • 2.5 x larger

  • 7.8 x larger

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2
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The theory of endosymbiosis states that eukaryotic cells evolved from cells that engulfed organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, which were once free-living prokaryotes, as endosymbionts within host cells. 

Which of the following statements provide evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory?

1 Mitochondria and chloroplasts are approximately the same size as bacteria.
2 Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA.
3 Mitochondria and chloroplasts have multiple membranes.
4 Mitochondria and chloroplasts both contain a fluid interior.

  • All 4 statements.

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • 1, 3 and 4

  • 2 and 3 only.

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3
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Which of the following words fill the gaps in the statement below to describe the structure of the cytoskeleton?

The cytoskeleton has three components: Microfilaments are solid strands made of _______ that bring about cell movement, microtubules are formed from the ________ protein tubulin and form structures used both in the movement of _________ and vesicles and as spindle fibres in cell division, and __________ fibres give mechanical strength to cells.

  • Actin, fibrous, cells, intermediate

  • Actin, globular, organelles, intermediate

  • Myosin, fibrous, organelles, cellulose

  • Myosin, globular, cells, cellulose

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4
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Which of the following does not describe the function of a membrane in or surrounding an organelle in a eukaryotic cell?

  • The site of the electron transport chain in respiration.

  • Preventing digestive enzymes from damaging the cell.

  • The site of the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis.

  • The site of protein synthesis in the cell.

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5
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The images below show cells with cilia and flagella, organelles sometimes found on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.ocra-2-1h-mcq-cell-diagrams

Which of the statements below show a correct comparison between flagella and cilia in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

1 Cilia are not present in prokaryotes but flagella can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
2 Cilia and flagella in eukaryotic cells are both made from microtubules.
3 Cilia allow for the movement of substances over the cell surface.
4 Flagella are used primarily for cell motility in prokaryotes whilst being used as a sensory organelle in eukaryotes.

  • 1 and 2 only.

  • 1, 3 and 4.

  • 1, 2 and 3.

  • All 4 statements.

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