Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2023

First exams 2025

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Structure of Transport Tissues (CIE AS Biology)

Exam Questions

2 hours29 questions
11 mark

The diagram shows transverse sections of two plant structures.

xylem-phloem-distribution

Which labels correctly identify structures 1, 2, 3 and 4?

 
1
2
3
4
A
phloem
xylem
xylem
phloem
B
xylem
phloem
xylem
phloem
C
phloem
xylem
phloem
xylem
D
xylem
phloem
phloem
xylem

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    21 mark

    The diagram shows a transverse section through part of a plant.

    plant-root-cross-section

    What is the name of tissue X?

    • Pith

    • Cortex

    • Endodermis

    • Waxy cuticle

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    31 mark

    Which features apply to both sieve tube elements and xylem vessel elements?

    1

    no end walls  

    2

    no nucleus 

    3

    no cytoplasm

    4

    dependent on companion cells for certain functions

    • 1, 3 and 4

    • 2, 3 and 4

    • 1, 2 and 3

    • 2 only

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    41 mark

    Which feature should not be included when drawing a plan diagram of a transverse section of a dicotyledonous plant stem?

    • Epidermis

    • Vascular bundle

    • Companion cell

    • Cortex

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    51 mark

    The diagram shows a transverse section of a plant stem.

    plant-stem-cross-section

    Which statements relating to the diagram are correct?

    1

    X transports water and minerals 

    2

    Y transports substances in only one direction

    3

    X and Y together are a vascular bundle 

    4

    X transports products of photosynthesis

    • 1, 3 and 4

    • 2, 3 and 4

    • 1, 2 and 3

    • 2 and 4

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    61 mark

    A poison is applied to the stem of a plant, killing living cells.

    How will this treatment affect transport in the vascular tissue?

    • Transport occurs in the xylem and the phloem.

    • Transport occurs in the xylem and does not occur in the phloem.

    • Transport occurs in the phloem and does not occur in the xylem.

    • Transport does not occur in either the xylem or the phloem.

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    71 mark

    Which organelles occur in large numbers in companion cells?

    • Mitochondria

    • Starch grains

    • Chloroplasts

    • Lysosomes

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    81 mark

    Which features of a root hair cell increase water uptake from the soil?

    1

    many mitochondria

    2

    large surface area 

    3

    thin cell wall

    4

    low water potential  

    • 1, 3 and 4

    • 2, 3 and 4

    • 1, 2, 3 and 4

    • 2 and 4

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    91 mark

    Which of the following is not found in mature sieve tube elements?

    • Mitochondria

    • Nucleus

    • Protein

    • Cytoplasm

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    101 mark

    This is an image of a plant taken with a light microscope 

    plant-root-micrograph

    Public domain, via Flickr

    What is the cell type labelled W?

    • Sieve tube element

    • Cortex

    • Companion cell

    • Xylem vessel element

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    11 mark

    The diagram shows a transverse section of a plant structure.

    plant-root-cross-section-1

    Which row correctly identifies the structures labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4?

     
    1
    2
    3
    4
    A
    cuticle
    xylem
    phloem
    pith
    B
    cuticle
    phloem
    xylem
    pith
    C
    epidermis
    xylem
    phloem
    cortex
    D
    epidermis
    phloem
    xylem
    cortex

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      21 mark

      The diagrams show cross sections of the stem, root and leaf of a non-woody dicotyledonous plant.

      plant-tissue-distribution

      Which sequence of numbers correctly identifies the distribution of xylem and phloem in the stem, root and leaf?

       
      xylem
      phloem
      A
      1     3     5
      2     4     6
      B
      2     3     5
      1     4     6
      C
      1     4     6
      2     3     5
      D
      2     4     6
      1     3     5 

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        31 mark

        Which features of these cells make them suitable for their function?

         
        xylem vessel elements
        companion cells
        A
        lignified walls
        numerous mitochondria
        B
        nuclei present
        cellulose wall
        C
        no living tissue present
        absence of cytoplasm
        D
        numerous mitochondria
        lignified walls

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          41 mark

          The photomicrograph shows a cross section of the stem of a plant.

          stem-micrograph

          Berkshire Community College, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

          Which row correctly identifies XY and Z

            X Y Z
          A xylem vessel element cortex cell companion cell
          B xylem vessel element sieve tube element airspace
          C sieve tube element epidermal cell pith cell
          D sieve tube element xylem vessel element cortex cell

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            51 mark

            The diagram shows transverse sections of two plant structures.

            xylem-phloem-distribution

            Which row correctly describe structures 1, 2, 3 and 4?

              1 2 3 4
            A transports in two directions transports in one direction transports in one direction transports ions and minerals
            B transports sugars transports in one direction transports in two directions transports products of photosynthesis
            C transports sugars transports in one direction transports products of photosynthesis transports ions and minerals
            D transports water transports in two direction transports in two directions transports products of photosynthesis

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              61 mark

              Which row correctly identifies the structures present within xylem vessel elements and sieve tube elements?

                xylem vessel element sieve tube element
              nucleus cytoplasm  end wall nucleus cytoplasm end wall
              A
              B
              C
              D
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X
              X

              Key:    = present        X = absent

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                71 mark

                Which of the following correctly describes the features of xylem vessels?

                • Cells are joined end to end, containing peripheral cytoplasm, cell walls with secondary thickening of lignin, and are located to the outside of phloem in vascular bundles.

                • Cells join to form a tube with sieve plates between each cell. Cells are surrounded by the endodermis in roots.

                • Cells are dead and elongated, with lignified cell walls and pits at intervals. Cells are associated with companion cells.

                • Cells are elongated with no end walls, and are located in vascular bundles in the stem and centrally in the roots.

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                81 mark

                The diagram shows a transverse plant section.

                plant-root-cross-section

                Which row correctly identifies the structures labelled X, Y and Z?

                 
                X
                Y
                Z
                A
                pith
                endodermis
                epidermis
                B
                cortex
                endodermis
                epidermis
                C
                pith
                cortex
                cuticle
                D
                endodermis
                cortex
                cuticle

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                  91 mark

                  The diagram shows a transverse section of a leaf viewed under a light microscope.

                  leaf-cross-section-micrograph

                  Berkshire Community College, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

                  Which row correctly identifies structures W, X, Y and Z?

                   
                  W
                  X
                  Y
                  Z
                  A
                  palisade mesophyll cell
                  air space
                  spongy mesophyll cell
                  xylem
                  B
                  guard cell
                  phloem
                  air space
                  xylem
                  C
                  guard cell
                  spongy mesophyll cell
                  cortex
                  phloem
                  D
                  palisade mesophyll cell
                  air space
                  spongy mesophyll cell
                  phloem

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                    101 mark

                    What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

                    • Allow symplastic movement of substances between cells.

                    • Act as a barrier to minerals and ions.

                    • Facilitate cell recognition.

                    • Allow active transport of sucrose between cells.

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                    11 mark

                    The diagram shows three transverse plant sections.

                    plant-tissue-distribution

                    Which row correctly identifies 1 - 6?

                      1 2 3 4 5 6
                    A
                    B
                    C
                    D
                    phloem
                    xylem
                    xylem
                    phloem
                    xylem
                    phloem
                    phloem
                     xylem
                    xylem
                    xylem
                    phloem
                    phloem
                     phloem
                    phloem
                    xylem
                    xylem
                    phloem
                    xylem
                    phloem
                    xylem
                     xylem
                    phloem
                    xylem
                    phloem

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                      21 mark

                      This image shows a transverse section of a plant stem

                      Which, from A-D, identifies the phloem? 

                      NQ1wC5ES_vascular-bundle-micrograph

                      Public domain, via Flickr

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                        31 mark

                        The diagram shows the relationship between some of the features of xylem vessel elements, phloem sieve tube elements and companion cells.

                        screenshot-2023-05-12-083027

                        Which row is correctly represented by the diagram?

                         
                        1
                        2
                        3
                        4
                        5
                        A
                        xylem vessel elements
                        lignified tissue
                        companion cells
                        mitochondria
                        sieve tube elements
                        B
                        companion cells
                        lignified tissue
                        xylem vessel elements
                        hollow structure
                        sieve tube elements
                        C
                        sieve tube elements
                        cytoplasm 
                        companion cells
                        nucleus 
                        xylem vessel elements
                        D
                        companion cells
                        endoplasmic reticulum
                        sieve tube elements 
                        nucleus absent 
                        xylem vessel elements

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                          41 mark

                          The diagram shows a transverse plant section.

                          plant-root-cross-section

                          Which row correctly identifies the functions of X, Y and Z?

                            X Y Z
                          A storage of carbohydrates regulates movement of water into and out of the vascular system provides a physical barrier to pathogens
                          B storage of carbohydrates provides structural support for the plant has a waxy cuticle to prevent water loss
                          C allows movement of water from root hairs to vascular system regulates movement of water into and out of the vascular system has a waxy cuticle to prevent water loss
                          D allows movement of water from root hairs to vascular system provides structural support for the plant provides a physical barrier to pathogens

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                            51 mark

                            Which labels could be correctly added to a plan diagram of a transverse section of a dicotyledonous leaf?

                            1

                            palisade mesophyll  

                            2

                            upper epidermis 

                            3

                            spongy mesophyll

                            4

                            xylem vessel elements 

                            5

                            phloem

                            • 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

                            • 1, 2, 3 and 4

                            • 1, 4 and 5

                            • 1, 2, 3 and 5

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                            61 mark

                            Which row correctly identifies the structures present in xylem vessel elements, sieve tube elements and companion cells?

                             
                            xylem vessel element
                            sieve tube element
                            companion cell
                            cytoplasm
                            nucleus
                            cytoplasm
                            nucleus
                            cytoplasm
                            nucleus
                            A
                            X
                            X
                            X
                            B
                            X
                            X
                            C
                            X
                            X
                            X
                            D
                            X
                            X

                            Key:    = present        X= absent

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                              71 mark

                              Which of the following statements correctly describes companion cells in mature phloem tissue?

                              • Companion cells provide structural support for the sieve tube element.

                              • Companion cells are a source of sugars for the sieve tube element.

                              • There is cytoplasmic contact between companion cells and the sieve tube element.

                              • The volume of cytoplasm in companion cells is reduced.

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                              81 mark

                              Which of the following is not a function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

                              • Allow movement of water via the symplastic pathway.

                              • Enable cell recognition.

                              • Allow communication between cells.

                              • Allow the movement of nutrients between cells.

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                              91 mark

                              Which of the following statements about plant transport tissues are correct?

                              1
                              Xylem vessel walls are strengthened by longitudinal strips of lignin
                              2
                              Sieve plates contain pores
                              3
                              Phloem tissue is located on the lower side of leaf vascular bundles
                              4
                              Root vascular bundles are surrounded by the endodermis
                              5
                              Pits in xylem allow the movement of cytoplasm between cells

                              • 1, 2, 3 and 4

                              • 1, 2 and 4

                              • 2, 3 and 4

                              • 2, 3, 4 and 5

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