Scalars & Vectors (College Board AP® Physics 1: Algebra-Based): Exam Questions

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1
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A pilot directs an airplane due north at a speed of 151 space straight m divided by straight s. A prevailing wind blows due east at an average speed of 12.3 space straight m divided by straight s.

Which of the following describes the direction the airplane will fly as a result of the wind?

  • 3 degree space straight E space of space straight N

  • 4 degree space straight E space of space straight N

  • 5 degree space straight E space of space straight N

  • 6 degree space straight E space of space straight N

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2
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A with rightwards arrow on top is a vector quantity. Which of the following statements could be true?

  • A with rightwards arrow on top is velocity. When multiplied by negative 2, the velocity becomes negative 2 A with rightwards arrow on top

  • A with rightwards arrow on top is speed. When multiplied by negative 2, the speed becomes 2 A with rightwards arrow on top

  • A with rightwards arrow on top is weight. When multiplied by negative 2, the weight becomes 2 A with rightwards arrow on top

  • A with rightwards arrow on top is acceleration. When multiplied by negative 2, the acceleration becomes negative 4 A with rightwards arrow on top

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v squared subscript x space equals space v squared subscript x space 0 end subscript space plus space 2 a subscript x space open parentheses x space minus space x subscript 0 close parentheses

The equation above is a kinematic equation.

Which of the following equations is the above equation's correctly derived from?

  • v squared space equals space v squared subscript 0 space plus space 2 a with rightwards arrow on top increment x with rightwards arrow on top

  • v squared space equals space v squared subscript 0 space plus space 2 a increment x

  • v with rightwards arrow on top squared space equals space v squared subscript 0 space plus space 2 a with rightwards arrow on top increment x

  • v with rightwards arrow on top squared space equals space v with rightwards arrow on top squared subscript 0 space plus space 2 a with rightwards arrow on top increment x with rightwards arrow on top

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4
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A car travels 100 m east and then 60 m west.
Which of the following gives the car’s displacement from its initial starting position?

  • negative 60 space straight m

  • negative 40 space straight m

  • plus 40 space straight m

  • plus 160 space straight m

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5
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Two vectors, A with rightwards arrow on top and B with rightwards arrow on top, are represented graphically, with B with rightwards arrow on top placed tip-to-tail with A with rightwards arrow on top. The resultant vector R with rightwards arrow on top is drawn from the tail of A with rightwards arrow on top to the tip of B with rightwards arrow on top.

Which of the following best describes the vector R with rightwards arrow on top?

  • The vector difference between A with rightwards arrow on top and B with rightwards arrow on top.

  • The vector sum of A with rightwards arrow on top and B with rightwards arrow on top, representing their combined effect.

  • The scalar multiplication of A with rightwards arrow on topand B with rightwards arrow on top.

  • A vector perpendicular to both A with rightwards arrow on top and B with rightwards arrow on top.

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The magnitude of vector Z with rightwards arrow on top is 20. Which of the following could be components of vector Z with rightwards arrow on top?

  • Z subscript x space equals space 10, Z subscript y space equals space 2

  • Z subscript x space equals space 10, Z subscript y space equals space 10

  • Z subscript x space equals space 12, Z subscript y space equals space 16

  • Z subscript x space equals space 20, Z subscript y space equals space 20

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2
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open vertical bar P with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar space equals space open vertical bar Q with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar

Vector P with rightwards arrow on top has a direction of south, and vector Q with rightwards arrow on top has a direction of west.

Which of the following expressions correctly describes the magnitude and direction of the vector P with rightwards arrow on top space plus space Q with rightwards arrow on top?

  • P with rightwards arrow on top space plus space Q with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 2 open vertical bar P with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar space SW

  • P with rightwards arrow on top space plus space Q with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 2 open vertical bar P with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar space NE

  • P with rightwards arrow on top space plus space Q with rightwards arrow on top space equals space open vertical bar P with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar square root of 2 space SW

  • P with rightwards arrow on top space plus space Q with rightwards arrow on top space equals space open vertical bar P with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar square root of 2 space NE

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3
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Two forces, stack F subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 10 space straight N at 30 degree above the horizontal and F with rightwards arrow on top subscript 2 space equals space 8 space straight N at 60 degree above the horizontal in the same direction, act on an object.
Which of the following most nearly gives the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the object?

  • 15.6 space straight N

  • 16.1 space straight N

  • 17.4 space straight N

  • 18.5 space straight N

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The magnitude of vector A with rightwards arrow on top is 5.

Which of the following could be the magnitude of the horizontal and vertical components of vector A with rightwards arrow on top?

  • stack A subscript x with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 3 and stack A subscript y with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 2

  • stack A subscript x with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 3 and stack A subscript y with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 4

  • stack A subscript x with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 5 and stack A subscript y with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 5

  • stack A subscript x with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 9 and stack A subscript y with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 16

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5
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Two forces, each of 10 N, act at a point P as shown in the diagram. The angle between the force vectors is 120° .

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What is the magnitude of the resultant force?

  • 5 space straight N

  • 10 space straight N

  • 17 space straight N

  • 20 space straight N

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When no wind is present glider floats directly from the top of a peak in the west to the top of a peak of equal height directly to its east with a constant speed of V. A cross wind blows from north to south with a magnitude W.

Which of the following gives a suitable expression for the direction the glider travels when in the cross wind?

  • theta subscript 0 space equals sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses fraction numerator V with rightwards arrow on top over denominator W with rightwards arrow on top end fraction close parentheses

  • theta subscript 0 space equals cos to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses fraction numerator W with rightwards arrow on top over denominator V with rightwards arrow on top end fraction close parentheses

  • theta subscript 0 space equals tan to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses fraction numerator W with rightwards arrow on top over denominator V with rightwards arrow on top end fraction close parentheses

  • theta subscript 0 space equals tan to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses fraction numerator V with rightwards arrow on top over denominator W with rightwards arrow on top end fraction close parentheses

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A kayaker rows at k space equals space 5.0 space straight m divided by straight s from the north bank to the south bank of a river 200 space straight m wide, flowing east at r space equals 4.0 space straight m divided by straight s. The kayaker maintains a constant heading directly south.

Which of the following is the displacement the kayaker travels downstream between leaving the north and arriving at the south bank?

  • 100 space straight m

  • 160 space straight m

  • 200 space straight m

  • 250 space straight m

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Two vectors A with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 12 space straight m divided by straight s at 45 degree above the horizontal and B with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 8.0 space straight m divided by straight s along the horizontal are combined to obtain a resultant vector R with rightwards arrow on top.

Which of the following is most nearly the ratio of the horizontal component of R with rightwards arrow on top to its vertical component?

  • 1.5

  • 1.9

  • 2.0

  • 2.5

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A swimmer wants to swim directly across a river from a point on one side to a point on another. The river flows east with speed rso the swimmer has to position themselves to swim upstream so their resultant motion goes directly from the north bank of the river to the south bank. The swimmer’s speed relative to the water is k.


Which of the following expressions correctly describes both the magnitude of the swimmer's resultant velocity v with rightwards arrow on top subscript R and the direction they must position themselves in relation to the river bank to swim directly across from north to south?

  • v subscript R space equals space square root of k squared space plus space r squared end root and tan theta space equals space r over k

  • v subscript R space equals space square root of k squared space minus space r squared end root and sin theta space equals space r over k

  • v subscript R space equals space k space plus space r and tan theta space equals space r over k

  • v subscript R space equals space square root of k squared space minus space r squared end root and cos theta space equals space r over k

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5
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A hiker starts at a point and travels d subscript 1 space equals space 5.0 space km north, then d subscript 2 space equals space 3.0 space km east, and finally d subscript 3 space equals space 4.0 space km southwest at an angle of 45 degree.

Which of the following is most nearly the magnitude of the hiker's displacement?

  • 5.8 space km

  • 6.5 space km

  • 7.0 space km

  • 7.8 space km

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