The trends shown in the graph best support which of the following conclusions about the Cold War-era Space Race?
The U.S. maintained a higher number of total space launches than the USSR throughout the Cold War
The USSR surpassed the U.S. in total space launches after the mid-1960s
The U.S. and USSR launched roughly the same number of missions throughout the Cold War
The Apollo Moon landings resulted in an increased U.S. launch frequency throughout the 1970s
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Which of the following most directly contributed to the decline in U.S. space launches after 1970, as shown in the graph?
The successful completion of the Apollo program
The U.S. decision to withdraw from the Space Race
Increased funding for Soviet space exploration
Decline of Cold War tensions between the U.S. and USSR
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Which of the following Cold War policies was most directly influenced by the technological rivalry demonstrated in the graph?
The Truman Doctrine
The Marshall Plan
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
The Camp David Accords
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The pattern of Soviet space launches shown in the graph best supports which of the following conclusions?
The USSR emphasized long-term space programs such as space stations
The USSR abandoned space exploration in the late 1970s
The USSR focused exclusively on military satellite launches
The Soviet space program became less competitive after 1965
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"At the bottom of the Kremlin’s neurotic view of world affairs is traditional and instinctive Russian sense of insecurity. Originally, this was insecurity of a peaceful agricultural people trying to live on vast exposed plain in neighborhood of fierce nomadic peoples. To this was added, as Russia came into contact with economically advanced West, fear of more competent, more powerful, more highly organized societies in that area. But this latter type of insecurity was one which afflicted rather the rulers than the ruled and has always been strongest among ruling groups in Kremlin. For this reason they have always feared foreign penetration, feared direct contact between Western world and their own, feared what would happen if Russians learned truth about world without or if foreigners learned truth about world within. And they have learned to seek security only in patient but deadly struggle for total destruction of rival power, never in compacts and compromises with it.”
George Kennan, “The Long Telegram,”, February 22, 1946
Kennan argues that Soviet insecurity stemmed primarily from
A fear of foreign invasion due to geographic vulnerabilities
Concerns about internal rebellions among the Soviet population
The collapse of the Soviet Union's economic structure
A failure to create alliances with Western nations
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"At the bottom of the Kremlin’s neurotic view of world affairs is traditional and instinctive Russian sense of insecurity. Originally, this was insecurity of a peaceful agricultural people trying to live on vast exposed plain in neighborhood of fierce nomadic peoples. To this was added, as Russia came into contact with economically advanced West, fear of more competent, more powerful, more highly organized societies in that area. But this latter type of insecurity was one which afflicted rather the rulers than the ruled and has always been strongest among ruling groups in Kremlin. For this reason they have always feared foreign penetration, feared direct contact between Western world and their own, feared what would happen if Russians learned truth about world without or if foreigners learned truth about world within. And they have learned to seek security only in patient but deadly struggle for total destruction of rival power, never in compacts and compromises with it.”
George Kennan, “The Long Telegram,”, February 22, 1946
According to Kennan, Soviet leaders viewed Western societies with fear because
Western nations were economically and militarily superior
Western nations sought to invade and conquer Soviet territory
Western nations could exploit Soviet economic weaknesses
Soviet rulers believed Western influence could destabilize their control
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"At the bottom of the Kremlin’s neurotic view of world affairs is traditional and instinctive Russian sense of insecurity. Originally, this was insecurity of a peaceful agricultural people trying to live on vast exposed plain in neighborhood of fierce nomadic peoples. To this was added, as Russia came into contact with economically advanced West, fear of more competent, more powerful, more highly organized societies in that area. But this latter type of insecurity was one which afflicted rather the rulers than the ruled and has always been strongest among ruling groups in Kremlin. For this reason they have always feared foreign penetration, feared direct contact between Western world and their own, feared what would happen if Russians learned truth about world without or if foreigners learned truth about world within. And they have learned to seek security only in patient but deadly struggle for total destruction of rival power, never in compacts and compromises with it.”
George Kennan, “The Long Telegram,”, February 22, 1946
Kennan’s assertion that the Kremlin feared “foreign penetration” most directly supports which U.S. Cold War policy?
Deterrence
Isolationism
The Truman Doctrine
The Domino Theory
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