Sustainable Development Policies (College Board AP® Human Geography)

Aim of Sustainable Development Policies

• Environmental problems stemming from industrialization may be remedied through sustainable development strategies

• Sustainable development policies attempt to meet the needs of the present population without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

• Sustainable development policies seek to pursue economic growth while also ensuring:

  • environmental conservation

  • social equity

  • quality of life for all

Examples of Sustainable Development Policies

Renewable energy development

• Renewable energy development focuses on transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

  • The use of wind, solar, and hydroelectric power as alternative energy sources

  • Governments may invest in solar panels and wind farms to reduce reliance on non-renewable resources

Sustainability incentives

• Incentives encouraging businesses to adopt environmentally friendly practices

  • Tax breaks may be offered to businesses that invest in green technologies or adopt eco-friendly practices

Sustainable agriculture

• Sustainable agriculture to maintain ecological balance and reduce environmental damage

  • Organic farming which avoids the use of pesticides and fertilizers

  • Crop rotation to maintain soil health

Public education campaigns

• Public education campaigns to raise awareness and encourage sustainable practices in communities

  • Advertising campaigns focused on reducing waste, conserving energy, and recycling

Sustainable urban planning

• Sustainable urban planning focuses on designing cities and communities in ways that reduce environmental impacts 

  • Walkable cities with pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, bike lanes, and green spaces encourage people to walk or cycle rather than drive

  • Public transportation systems that reduce dependency on cars and aim to lower emissions

Fair trade

• Fair trade practices that ensure good treatment and decent wages for workers in less developed countries (LDCs)

  • Fair trade certification for businesses that sell products like coffee, tea, and textiles to ensure workers receive fair wages and work in safe conditions

  • Encouraging businesses to source materials from supplies that adhere to fair labor practices