Which of the following explains why stratospheric ozone is important to life on Earth?
Stratospheric ozone regulates the Earth's temperature by trapping heat in the atmosphere.
Stratospheric ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, protecting living organisms.
Stratospheric ozone helps regulate the movement of water through the hydrosphere.
Stratospheric ozone facilitates the breakdown of harmful greenhouse gases.
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Which of the following human activities can lead to depletion of stratospheric ozone?
Storing mining waste in retention ponds
Improper disposal of refrigerators and air conditioners
Runoff of fertilizer from cropland
Logging on steep slopes
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Which of the following is a human health effect associated with a decrease in stratospheric ozone concentration?
Increased rates of respiratory infections due to polluted air.
Greater susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases from industrial food production.
Higher incidence of skin cancer caused by increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Increased spread of infectious disease due to expanding equatorial climate zones.
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Where is the depletion of stratospheric ozone most severe?
Over the Arctic during summer
Over the Antarctic during spring
Over the tropics year-round
Over mid-latitude regions during winter
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Why is ozone depletion the greatest over Antarctica?
Strong ultraviolet radiation breaks down ozone more rapidly
The Antarctic receives less sunlight year-round
Volcanic eruptions release chemicals that destroy ozone
Polar stratospheric clouds provide a surface for ozone-destroying reactions
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Which of the following best describes the role of stratospheric ozone?
It traps infrared radiation and contributes to the greenhouse effect
It filters ultraviolet radiation that can damage living tissues
It enhances photosynthesis in tropical ecosystems
It causes acid rain in industrial regions
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What chemical process leads to ozone destruction in the stratosphere?
CO₂ reacting with sunlight
Methane reacting with nitrogen
Chlorine atoms breaking down ozone molecules
Water vapor condensing into clouds
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Which of the following best explains how CFCs reach the stratosphere?
They rise slowly due to their stability and lack of reactivity in the lower atmosphere
They are immediately broken down in the troposphere
They are transported underground through aquifers
They dissolve in water and enter the oceans
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Why are chlorine atoms from CFCs so harmful to the ozone layer?
Each chlorine atom reacts with one ozone molecule and becomes inactive
Chlorine atoms react with ozone and are destroyed
A single chlorine atom can destroy thousands of ozone molecules before being neutralized
Chlorine increases the production of ozone
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Which of the following is most likely to increase due to ozone layer depletion?
Decreased carbon dioxide concentrations
Increased frequency of volcanic eruptions
Increased rates of skin cancer and cataracts
Increased night-time temperatures
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