Age Structure Diagrams (College Board AP® Environmental Science): Exam Questions

5 mins5 questions
11 mark
Four population pyramids labelled A to D, showing age distribution with ages 15 and 65 marked. Each pyramid has blue and red halves.

Which age structure diagram is representative of a country in Stage 4 of the demographic transition? 

  • A

  • B

  • C

  • D

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21 mark
Four population pyramids labelled A, B, C, D. Each shows age distribution with blue and red segments split vertically, spanning ages 15 to 65.

Which age structure diagram is representative of a country experiencing rapid growth?

  • A

  • B

  • C

  • D

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31 mark

Based on the age structure diagram, which of the following statements best describes the population of Country X?

Population pyramid for Country X. Blue bars represent males and red bars represent females, divided by age groups in 5-year intervals.
  • Country X has low birth rates and a declining population.

  • Country X has advanced sewage treatment and a low infant mortality rate

  • Country X has a large cohort of the population in the pre-reproductive age group and high total fertility rates.

  • Country X has a declining birth rate, low death rates and improving economic conditions.

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41 mark

Which of the following best explains the concept of population momentum?

  • A population continues to grow despite a decline in birth rates due to a large proportion of young individuals reaching reproductive age. 

  • A population immediately stops growing once birth rates decrease.

  • A population only grows when birth rates exceed death rates.

  • A population remains stable when immigration and emigration rates are equal.

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51 mark

Which of the following can be inferred from an age structure diagram? 

  • The absolute number of individuals in each age group within a country.

  • The total fertility rate of the population.

  • The number of births and deaths that will occur in the next decade.

  • The future population growth trends. 

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