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Name the two parts of the human nervous system.
The human nervous system is divided into two parts consisting of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system contains a huge of spinal and nerves.
The peripheral nervous system contains a huge network of spinal and cranial nerves.
The central nervous system is made up of the and the .
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
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Name the two parts of the human nervous system.
The human nervous system is divided into two parts consisting of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system contains a huge of spinal and nerves.
The peripheral nervous system contains a huge network of spinal and cranial nerves.
The central nervous system is made up of the and the .
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
Which of the following is the most sophisticated part of the brain?
a) The hippocampus
b) The hypothalamus
c) The cerebral cortex
c.
The cerebral cortex is the most sophisticated part of the brain.
It is responsible for functions such as memory, thinking, learning, problem-solving.
True or False?
The cerebral cortex ensures that signals from the brain are transmitted to the rest of the body via the peripheral nervous system.
False.
The spinal cord ensures that signals from the brain are transmitted to the rest of the body via the peripheral nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system is divided into two sections consisting of (select two):
a) the somatic nervous system
b) the autonomic nervous system
c) the sombre nervous system
d) the automatic nervous system
a. and b.
The peripheral nervous system is divided into two sections consisting of the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
True or False?
The somatic nervous system transmits and receives messages from all of the senses.
False.
The somatic nervous system transmits and receives messages from all of the senses apart from sight.
The retina and optic nerve are connected directly to the brain.
True or False?
The somatic nervous system directs muscles to move appropriately.
True.
The somatic nervous system directs muscles to move appropriately.
It controls voluntary, conscious movements.
The somatic nervous system is responsible for the reflex arc. Define reflex arc.
The reflex arc is an automatic and rapid response to a stimulus, which minimises any damage to the body from potentially harmful conditions, such as touching something hot.
The autonomic nervous system transmits and receives information from organs associated with (select two):
a) memory
b) the stress response
c) sleep
d) digestion
b. and d.
The autonomic nervous system transmits and receives information from organs associated with the stress response and digestion.
True or False?
The autonomic nervous system can be controlled consciously.
False.
The autonomic nervous system is involuntary; it cannot be controlled consciously.
Name the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system.
The autonomic nervous system is subdivided into the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the or response.
The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the fight or flight response.
The sympathetic nervous system enables a fast, automatic response to a possible:
a) threat
b) puzzle
c) question
a.
The sympathetic nervous system enables a fast, automatic response to a possible threat.
It can also occur when someone is highly elated or excited.
The parasympathetic nervous system is popularly known as the and system.
The parasympathetic nervous system is popularly known as the rest and digest system.
True or False?
The parasympathetic nervous system helps to conserve the body's energy by decreasing activity that may be needed later.
True.
The parasympathetic nervous system helps to conserve the body's energy by decreasing activity that may be needed later.
Relaxation enables the body to go into 'standby' (recovery mode).
The more time spent in this resting state, the healthier a person is likely to be.
A hormone is a chemical that is secreted by the glands into the , which then distributes it around the body.
A hormone is a chemical that is secreted by the endocrine glands into the bloodstream, which then distributes it around the body.
The major gland which regulates hormones is the:
a) pineal gland
b) pituitary gland
c) adrenal gland
b.
The major gland which regulates hormones is the pituitary gland.
This is located at the base of the hypothalamus in the brain.
True or False?
Hormones act quickly.
False.
Hormones act slowly and may take years to fully have an effect.
Which one of the following is not secreted by the pituitary gland?
a) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
b) Luteinising hormone
c) Oxytocin
d) Cortisol
d.
Cortisol is not secreted by the pituitary gland.
What is the role of testosterone and oestrogen?
Testosterone (male) and oestrogen (female) control primary and secondary sexual characteristics.
Melatonin is one of the hormones not secreted by the pituitary gland; it regulates the sleep/wake cycle and is sensitive to:
a) light levels
b) dark levels
c) breathing levels
d) sound levels
a.
Melatonin is one of the hormones not secreted by the pituitary gland; it regulates the sleep/wake cycle and is sensitive to light levels.
During situations that produce stress, fear or excitement, which part of the nervous system is engaged?
a) The parasympathetic nervous system
b) The central nervous system
c) The sympathetic nervous system
c.
During situations that produce stress, fear or excitement, the sympathetic nervous system is engaged.
This stimulates the adrenal medulla to secrete adrenaline.
Which hormone prepares the body for the fight or flight response?
Adrenaline prepares the body for the fight or flight response.
What is the energy-storing molecule that provides a short-lived, intense surge of power during the fight or flight response?
a) adrenaline
b) cortisol
c) adenosine triphosphate
c.
The energy-storing molecule that provides a short-lived, intense surge of power during the fight or flight response is adenosine triphosphate.
True or False?
During the fight or flight response, cortisol is transported around the body in the bloodstream and binds to receptors on its target organs.
False.
During the fight or flight response, adrenaline is transported around the body in the bloodstream and binds to receptors on its target organs.
Which one of the following is not a physiological effect of the fight or flight response?
a) Increased heart rate
b) A feeling of alarm
c) Increased sweating
d) Dry mouth
b.
A feeling of alarm is not a physiological effect of the fight or flight response.
During the fight or flight response, blood flow to the remains .
During the fight or flight response, blood flow to the brain remains constant.
When the danger has passed, which of the following will follow (select two)?
a) Heightened euphoria
b) Anger
c) Exhaustion
d) Intense hunger
c. and d.
When the danger has passed, it is likely that exhaustion and intense hunger will follow.
True or False?
If excess energy from the fight or flight response is not used, it can ‘sit’ in the body, leading to stress and other long-term health conditions.
True.
If excess energy from the fight or flight response is not used, it can ‘sit’ in the body, leading to stress and other long-term health conditions.
E.g., someone with high anxiety is probably living in a constant state of fight or flight.