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A LevelPsychologyAQAFlashcardsBiopsychologyPlasticity, Functional Recovery & Ways of Studying the Brain

Plasticity, Functional Recovery & Ways of Studying the Brain (AQA A Level Psychology)

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  • What is meant by neuroplasticity?

    Neuroplasticity refers to the brain’s ability to adapt to change due to injury, illness or learning and experience.

  • Structural plasticity refers to changes within:

    a) the brain stem

    b) brain structures

    c) the skeleton

    b.

    Structural plasticity refers to changes within brain structures.

  • True or False?

    The buildup of grey matter in brain regions/structures is due to increased synaptic connectedness in those regions/structures.

    True.

    The buildup of grey matter in brain regions/structures is due to increased synaptic connectedness in those regions/structures.

  • Maguire et al. (2000) found that taxi drivers had increased grey matter in the posterior ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ , a brain region linked to ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ navigation.

    Maguire et al. (2000) found that taxi drivers had increased grey matter in the posterior hippocampus, a brain region linked to spatial navigation.

  • True or False?

    Functional recovery refers to the brain’s ability to replace lost or damaged functions by producing more hormones to compensate.

    False.

    Functional recovery refers to the brain’s ability to replace lost or damaged functions by using existing brain regions in their place.

  • Synapses that are used frequently grow stronger over time , but synapses that are not used undergo:

    a) synaptic branching

    b) neuroplasticity

    c) synaptic pruning

    d) synaptic transmission

    c.

    Synapses that are used frequently grow stronger over time , but synapses that are not used undergo synaptic pruning.

    This allows the brain to be a more efficient tool, both structurally and functionally.

  • True or False?

    Functional recovery is to some extent time-stamped.

    True.

    Functional recovery is to some extent time-stamped.

    If the recovery takes place early in life, the affected person has a chance of almost full recovery.

  • True or False?

    Neuroplasticity is supported by the case of H.M.

    False.

    Neuroplasticity is not supported by the case of H.M.

    H.M. never recovered any functionality: his memory (particularly short-term memory) was affected permanently after his brain was damaged during surgery.

  • There is an impressive body of research into neuroplasticity, with findings coming to the same conclusion, which means that the theory has good:

    a) internal validity

    b) temporal validity

    c) ecological validity

    a.

    There is an impressive body of research into neuroplasticity, with findings coming to the same conclusion, which means that the theory has good internal validity.

  • Research in the field of neuroplasticity is ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ which means that cause and effect cannot be established.

    Research in the field of neuroplasticity is correlational which means that cause and effect cannot be established.

Previous:Localisation of Function & Hemispheric LateralisationNext:Biological Rhythms

    1. Conformity

    2. Obedience

    3. Explanations of Resistance to Social Influence

    4. Minority Influence & Social Change

    1. Multi-store Model of Memory & Types of Long-Term Memory

    2. Working Memory Model

    3. Explanations for Forgetting

    4. Eyewitness Testimony

    1. Caregiver-infant Interactions

    2. Stages of Attachment & Role of the Father

    3. Animal Studies in Attachment

    4. Explanations of Attachment

    5. Types of Attachment & Cultural Variations

    6. Bowlby's Theory of Maternal Deprivation & Romanian Orphan Studies

    7. Influence of Early Attachment on Later Relationships

    1. Definitions of Abnormality

    2. Phobias

    3. Depression

    4. OCD

    1. Origins of Psychology

    2. Learning Approaches: the Behaviourist Approach

    3. Learning Approaches: Social Learning Theory

    4. The Cognitive Approach

    5. The Biological Approach

    6. The Psychodynamic Approach

    7. The Humanistic Approach

    8. Comparison of Approaches

    1. The Nervous System, Endocrine System & Fight or Flight

    2. Neurons & Synaptic Transmission

    3. Localisation of Function & Hemispheric Lateralisation

    4. Plasticity, Functional Recovery & Ways of Studying the Brain

    5. Biological Rhythms

    1. Aims, Hypotheses & Variables

    2. Research Issues, Controls & Pilot Studies

    3. Experiments: Types & Design

    4. Sampling Techniques

    5. Ethical Issues & Ways of Dealing with Them

    6. Peer Review & the Economy

    7. Observational Techniques & Design

    8. Self-report Techniques

    9. Correlations & Meta-analysis

    10. Content Analysis & Case Studies

    11. Reliability & Validity

    12. Data Handling: Descriptive Statistics & Computation

    13. Data Handling: Types, Interpretation & Display of Data

    14. Data Handling: Inferential Statistics

    15. Features of Science, Reporting Investigations & the Scientific Report