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Explain what is meant by localisation of function.
Localisation of brain function is the theory that specific functions/processes are localised to/can be found in specific locations in the brain
True or False?
The theory of localisation of function supports the assumption that the brain is unimodal.
False.
The theory of localisation of function challenges and refutes previous assumptions that the brain is unimodal.
Unimodal refers to the idea that the brain is one mass across which all functions are shared.
The brain is divided into two , left and right, and is covered by a thin layer known as the cortex.
The brain is divided into two hemispheres, left and right, and is covered by a thin layer known as the cerebral cortex.
Each hemisphere is responsible for different functions and each lobe is responsible for specific functions located within that hemisphere.
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Explain what is meant by localisation of function.
Localisation of brain function is the theory that specific functions/processes are localised to/can be found in specific locations in the brain
True or False?
The theory of localisation of function supports the assumption that the brain is unimodal.
False.
The theory of localisation of function challenges and refutes previous assumptions that the brain is unimodal.
Unimodal refers to the idea that the brain is one mass across which all functions are shared.
The brain is divided into two , left and right, and is covered by a thin layer known as the cortex.
The brain is divided into two hemispheres, left and right, and is covered by a thin layer known as the cerebral cortex.
Each hemisphere is responsible for different functions and each lobe is responsible for specific functions located within that hemisphere.
The somatosensory cortex, which is responsible for touch sensation, is located in which lobe?
a) The temporal lobe
b) The frontal lobe
c) The parietal lobe
d) The occipital lobe
c.
The somatosensory cortex, which is responsible for touch sensation, is located in the parietal lobe.
Damage to Broca's area in the lobe would result in impaired production.
Damage to Broca's area in the frontal lobe would result in impaired speech production.
Which one of the following is not a function of the occipital lobe?
a) Interpreting acoustic information
b) Understanding distance and depth perception
c) Recognition of objects and faces
d) Processing of visual information, e.g., sight
a.
Interpreting acoustic information is not a function of the occipital lobe.
True or False?
The motor cortex in the frontal lobe is responsible for movement.
True.
The motor cortex in the frontal lobe is responsible for movement.
One of the earliest pieces of evidence of localisation of function is the study of:
a) London taxi drivers
b) the case of Phineas Gage
c) social roles in prison
b.
One of the earliest pieces of evidence of localisation of function is the case of Phineas Gage (Harlow, 1848).
Gage's personality changes happened after he experienced damage to his frontal lobe caused by an iron bar shooting through his eye socket and out through the top of his skull.
Which theory does not support localisation of function?
The theory of neuroplasticity does not support localisation of function.
Lashley's law of equipotentiality states that when one part of the brain is damaged, another part or region can take over its specific functions.
True or False?
Localisation of function is the same as hemispheric lateralisation.
False.
Localisation of function is not the same as hemispheric lateralisation.
Lateralisation refers to an overall sharing of skills and functions across one larger brain region.
What is the corpus callosum?
The corpus callosum consists of a bundle of nerve fibres that connects the two hemispheres of the brain (left and right).
The left side of the body is controlled by the right side of the brain and vice versa which means that the brain is:
a) localised
b) hemispherised
c) contralateral
d) unilateral
c.
The left side of the body is controlled by the right side of the brain and vice versa which means that the brain is contralateral.
The left hemisphere of the brain is generally lateralised to the processing of .
The left hemisphere of the brain is generally lateralised to the processing of language.
True or False?
The right hemisphere is generally lateralised to the processing of visual information, imagination and creativity.
True.
The right hemisphere is generally lateralised to the processing of visual information, imagination and creativity.
Where did Broca find damage in Tan's brain?
a) The left temporal lobe
b) The right temporal lobe
c) The prefrontal cortex
d) The occipital lobe
a.
Broca found damage in the left temporal lobe of Tan's brain.
As the left temporal lobe was the only visible area of damage to Tan's brain, Broca concluded that this was the area that is responsible for speech production.
The term Wernicke's is now used as a diagnosis for people who have difficulty language.
The term Wernicke's aphasia is now used as a diagnosis for people who have difficulty understanding language.
A corpus callosotomy may be carried out to control which condition?
a) Migraines
b) OCD
c) Schizophrenia
d) Epilepsy
d.
A corpus callosotomy may be carried out to control epilepsy.
The surgery aims to stop erratic electric messages bouncing between hemispheres, reducing the number of seizures.
How did Sperry operationalise the use of the left/right visual field during his split brain procedure?
a) Each participant sat in front of a screen and had both of their eyes covered by an eye patch
b) Each participant sat in front of a screen and had one of their eyes covered by an eye patch
c) Each participant sat in front of a screen and was given sunglasses to wear
b.
Sperry operationalised the use of the left/right visual field during his split brain procedure by having each participant sit in front of a screen with one of their eyes covered by an eye patch.
Which one of the following is not a task used in Sperry's split brain procedure?
a) Composite words
b) Recognise by touch
c) Telling the time using a analogue clock
d) Describe what you see
c.
Telling the time using a analogue clock is not a task used in Sperry's split brain procedure.
True or False?
Sperry found that when an object was placed in the left hand, the participant could describe it using speech or writing.
False.
Sperry found that when an object was placed in the right hand, the participant could describe it using speech or writing.
When an object was placed in the left hand, the participant made wild guesses as to what it was and often seemed unaware that they were holding anything.
Which of the following means that Sperry's study is high in reliability?
a) The standardised procedures of each task
b) The sample of split-brain patients
c) The year the study was conducted
a.
The standardised procedures of each task mean that Sperry's study is high in reliability?
A standardised procedure is replicable so it can be tested for consistency.
True or False?
Sperry's findings are easy to generalise.
False.
Sperry's findings are difficult to generalise beyond the very limited demographic of the sample.
People who have had a corpus callosotomy represent a restricted population.