A heater is used to heat water in a beaker.
i) Before switching on, the metal heater and the water are both at room temperature.
Describe the motion of the atoms of the metal heater and of the water molecules.
[3]
ii) The heater is now switched on.
The power of the heater is 200 W. The mass of the water in the beaker is 500 g. It takes 10.0 minutes to increase the temperature of the water in the beaker from 20 °C to 60 °C.
Calculate the energy transferred from the water to the beaker and the surroundings.
• specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg–1 K–1
energy transferred = ........................................ J [3]